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Country=USA; History; release year=1995; Runtime=2 hour, 20minute; writed by=Al Reinert; Tomatometers=7,9 / 10 Stars. 
Apollo 13 Watch stream. 
Apollo 13 Watch stream new albums. Horner was a genius. Apollo 13 Watch stream of consciousness. To my mind, Apollo 13" is Ron Howard's masterpiece. That it is a largely factual retelling of an historic event makes it even more remarkable. I was riveted from beginning to end. Tom Hanks, as Jim Lovell, and Gary Sinese, as Ken Mattingly, were perfectly cast. Nobody puts images on film that tell a story dramatically and well better than Ron Howard. In this connection, the reason that the sequences showing the astronauts floating were so effective is that the actors really were weightless. Howard arranged to have airlines fly parabolar orbits so that a little more than twenty seconds of weightlessness could be achieved, during which time he filmed the weightlessness sequences. 10 out of 10. Highly recommended.
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This film classic.
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1:19 for the mandela effect. I have literal tears in my eyes. 
Apollo 13 Watch streaming. 
Apollo 13 | NASA. On the night of April 13th, 1970, when the oxygen tank in Apollo 13’s command module exploded, a 27-year-old engineer named Jerry Woodfill sat at his console in the Mission Evaluation Room at Johnson Space Center, monitoring the caution and warning system he helped create for the Apollo spacecraft. “It was 9:08 pm, and I looked at the console because it flickered a few times and then I saw a master alarm come on, ” Woodfill said, talking from his office at JSC where he has worked for almost 45 years. “Initially I thought something was wrong with the alarm system or the instrumentation, but then I heard Jack Swigert in my headset: “Houston, we’ve had a problem, ” and then a few moments later, Jim Lovell said the same thing. ” And so began the most perilous but eventually triumphant situation ever encountered in human spaceflight. 2010 is the 40th anniversary of Apollo 13, and Universe Today had the chance to talk with Woodfill about his role in Apollo 13, a mission which many believe should have ended fatally for astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, and Jack Swigert. But it didn’t, and the mission has come to be called a “successful failure. ” What things were responsible for that success – the overcoming of odds – to rescue of the crew? Since Woodfill was there in the thick of the action, he has some ideas on how to answer that question. But also, for the past 40 years he has studied the Apollo13 mission in intricate detail, examining all the various facets of the rescue by going through flight transcripts, debriefs, and other documents, plus he’s talked to many other people who worked during the mission. Fascinated by the turn of events and individuals involved who turned failure into success, Woodfill has come up with what he calls “13 Things That Saved Apollo 13. ” Over the next few weeks, we’ll share Woodfill’s insights and discuss each of those 13 turning points. What better way to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Apollo 13! But for today, besides giving our readers a preview of what is to come the next 13 days, we’ll take this opportunity introduce you to Jerry Woodfill. Jerry Woodfill working in the Apollo Mission Evaluation Room. Credit: Jerry Woodfill. While attending Rice University on a basketball scholarship, Woodfill was inspired by President John F. Kennedy’s famous “We Choose to go to the Moon” speech delivered at Rice. Woodfill turned in his basketball shoes and focused on his studies of electrical engineering, hoping to become part of the space program. He came on board at NASA just in time to work on helping to build the Apollo spacecraft. “I spent years working with contractors, engineers, flight controllers and astronauts on the caution and warning system, or the alarm systems for both the lunar lander as well as the command ship, ” Woodfill said. He compared the alarm system to the lights that come on in an automobile when the battery is low or the generator isn’t working. “We had to come up with the best means of telling the astronauts they had a problem. We had to make sure the alarm system worked right. ” Woodfill said that like most of the NASA team, he knew the workings of the command ship and lander more intimately than any of his college courses would have required, but that prepared him for any problems that might arise. The Mission Evaluation Room. Credit: Jerry Woodfill. During the Apollo missions Woodfill worked in the Mission Evaluation Room, which is NOT the Mission Operations Control Room (MOCR) or “Mission Control” as it is known. MER was in a building adjacent to the Mission Control building. Woodfill has written a webpage detailing the difference between the MER and MOCR. “We were an unsung group, ” Woodfill said. “We were there for mission support. We weren’t flight controllers, but we were experts. For other missions that were routine we didn’t play that big of a role, but for the Apollo 13 mission, we did play a role. ” Woodfill tends to downplay both his role and the importance of the MER. “Comparing the 1970s era MER to the Mission Operations Control Room would be akin to comparing the Queen Mary to a weekend boater’s cabin cruiser, ” he said. “Likewise, comparing my role in the rescue to Gene Kranz and Glen Lunney’s would be more incomparable. ” For a truly unbiased opinion, however, Chapter 11 of Jim Lovell’s book “Lost Moon” (renamed Apollo 13 after the movie of the same name came out in 1995) details how important the people in the Mission Evaluation Room were. Yes, the “MER-men” were important! While many may say the way Apollo 13 turned out was luck or a fortuitous turn of events, Woodfill said he tends to lean towards providence. Over the next 13 days, perhaps we’ll find out! And if Woodfill’s name is familiar to Universe Today readers, you may recall how he found the “lost” lesson plans of the teacher in space, Christa McAuliffe, and brought them “back to life” so to speak, as they are now being used by many teachers and Challenger Learning Centers. Listen to an interview of Jerry Woodfill that I did for the 365 Days of Astronomy podcast. Additional Articles in the “13 Things That Saved Apollo 13” that have now been posted: Part 1: Timing Part 2: The Hatch That Wouldn’t Close Part 3: Charlie Duke’s Measles Part 4: Using the LM for Propulsion Part 5: Unexplained Shutdown of the Saturn V Center Engine Part 6: Navigating by Earth’s Terminator Part 7: The Apollo 1 Fire Part 8: The Command Module Wasn’t Severed Part 9: Position of the Tanks Part 10: Duct Tape Part 11: A Hollywood Movie Part 12: Lunar Orbit Rendezvous Part 13: The Mission Operations Team Also: Your Questions about Apollo 13 Answered by Jerry Woodfill (Part 1) More Reader Questions about Apollo 13 Answered by Jerry Woodfill (part 2) Final Round of Apollo 13 Questions Answered by Jerry Woodfill (part 3) Never Before Published Images of Apollo 13’s Recovery.
Won 2 Oscars. Another 26 wins & 58 nominations. See more awards » Learn more More Like This Comedy | Drama Fantasy 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7. 3 / 10 X After wishing to be made big, a teenage boy wakes the next morning to find himself mysteriously in the body of an adult. Director: Penny Marshall Stars: Tom Hanks, Elizabeth Perkins, Robert Loggia Adventure Romance 7. 8 / 10 A FedEx executive undergoes a physical and emotional transformation after crash landing on a deserted island. Robert Zemeckis Helen Hunt, Paul Sanchez Action Mystery Thriller 6. 6 / 10 A murder inside the Louvre, and clues in Da Vinci paintings, lead to the discovery of a religious mystery protected by a secret society for two thousand years, which could shake the foundations of Christianity. Ron Howard Audrey Tautou, Jean Reno 7. 7 / 10 When a man with HIV is fired by his law firm because of his condition, he hires a homophobic small time lawyer as the only willing advocate for a wrongful dismissal suit. Jonathan Demme Denzel Washington, Roberta Maxwell Biography Crime The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates of the U. S. -flagged MV Maersk Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in two hundred years. Paul Greengrass Barkhad Abdi, Barkhad Abdirahman An Eastern European tourist unexpectedly finds himself stranded in JFK airport, and must take up temporary residence there. Steven Spielberg Catherine Zeta-Jones, Chi McBride 6. 7 / 10 Harvard symbologist Robert Langdon works with a nuclear physicist to solve a murder and prevent a terrorist act against the Vatican during one of the significant events within the church. Ewan McGregor, Ayelet Zurer 7. 4 / 10 The story of Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger (Tom Hanks), an American pilot who became a hero after landing his damaged plane on the Hudson River in order to save the flight's passengers and crew. Clint Eastwood Aaron Eckhart, Laura Linney 6. 8 / 10 A recently widowed man's son calls a radio talk-show in an attempt to find his father a partner. Nora Ephron Meg Ryan, Ross Malinger Two business rivals who despise each other in real life unwittingly fall in love over the Internet. Greg Kinnear 6. 2 / 10 A detective must adopt a rambunctious dog in order to help him find a killer. Roger Spottiswoode Mare Winningham, Craig T. Nelson History 7. 6 / 10 During the Cold War, an American lawyer is recruited to defend an arrested Soviet spy in court, and then help the CIA facilitate an exchange of the spy for the Soviet captured American U2 spy plane pilot, Francis Gary Powers. Mark Rylance, Alan Alda Edit Storyline Based on the true story of the ill-fated 13th Apollo mission bound for the moon. Astronauts Lovell, Haise and Swigert were scheduled to fly Apollo 14, but are moved up to 13. It's 1970, and The US has already achieved their lunar landing goal, so there's little interest in this "routine" flight.. until that is, things go very wrong, and prospects of a safe return fade. Written by Rob Hartill Plot Summary Plot Synopsis Taglines: Houston, we have a problem. See more » Details Release Date: 30 June 1995 (USA) Also Known As: Apollo 13: The IMAX Experience Box Office Budget: $52, 000, 000 (estimated) Opening Weekend USA: $25, 353, 380, 2 July 1995 Cumulative Worldwide Gross: $355, 237, 933 See more on IMDbPro » Company Credits Technical Specs Runtime: 140 min 106 min (IMAX Version) See full technical specs » Did You Know? Goofs When CapCom Andy says "Roger Odyssey, we copy your venting. " the shot ends with him sitting down. Immediately following this, there is a closer shot of him sitting down again. See more » Quotes Jim Lovell: Houston, uh, we... we sure could use the re-entry procedure up here. When can we expect that? William 'Bill' Pogue, CAPCOM: Uh, that's coming real soon, Aquarius. Uh, Houston, we... we... we just can't just throw this together at the last minute. So here's what you're gonna do. You're gonna get the procedure up to us, whatever it is, and we're gonna go over it step by step so that there's no foul-ups. I don't have to tell you we're all a little tired up here. The world's getting awfully big in the window. See more » Alternate Versions A digitally remastered IMAX-format version was released in September 2002. It is about 20 minutes shorter in running time than the original theatrical version. Some of the missing scenes are the dinner that the astronauts have aboard the ship that results in Fred Haise being sick into a plastic bag, and Marilyn Lovell telling the off the press. See more » Connections Referenced in Armageddon (1998) Soundtracks Blue Moon Written by Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart Performed by The Mavericks Courtesy of MCA Records, Inc See more » Frequently Asked Questions See more ».
Mexico and other Catholic Church who are the biggest Gang problems in AMERICA why American people died. 4:33 God I love that shot. Apollo 13 Watch. 
This movie is so weird. I'm 75 minutes in and still don't know what's happening. 
Watch apollo 13 1995 streaming online. The best thing about this movie was that even though you knew how it would end, it was still really suspenseful. There is a moment early in "Apollo 13" when astronaut Jim Lovell is taking some press on a tour of the Kennedy Space Center, and he brags that they have a computer "that fits in one room and can send out millions of instructions. " And I'm thinking to myself, hell, I'm writing this review on a better computer than the one that got us to the moon. "Apollo 13" inspires many reflections, and one of them is that America's space program was achieved with equipment that would look like tin cans today. Like Lindbergh, who crossed the Atlantic in the first plane he could string together that might make it, we went to the moon the moment we could, with the tools that were at hand. Advertisement Today, with new alloys, engines, fuels, computers and technology, it would be safer and cheaper - but we have lost the will. "Apollo 13" never really states its theme, except perhaps in one sentence of narration at the end, but the whole film is suffused with it: The space program was a really extraordinary thing, something to be proud of, and those who went into space were not just "heroes, " which is a cliché, but brave and resourceful. Those qualities were never demonstrated more dramatically than in the flight of the 13th Apollo mission in April 1970, when an oxygen tank exploded en route to the moon. The three astronauts on board - Jim Lovell, Fred Haise and Jack Swigert - were faced with the possibility of becoming marooned in space. Their oxygen could run out, they could be poisoned by carbon dioxide accumulations, or they could freeze to death. If somehow they were able to return to the Earth's atmosphere, they had to enter at precisely the right angle. Too steep an entry, and they would be incinerated; too shallow, and they would skip off the top of the atmosphere like a stone on a pond, and fly off forever into space. Ron Howard's film of this mission is directed with a single-mindedness and attention to detail that makes it riveting. He doesn't make the mistake of adding cornball little subplots to popularize the material; he knows he has a great story, and he tells it in a docudrama that feels like it was filmed on location in outer space. So convincing are the details, indeed, that I went back to look at "For All Mankind, " the great 1989 documentary directed by ex-astronaut Al Reinert, who co-wrote "Apollo 13. " It was an uncanny experience, like looking at the origins of the current picture. Countless details were exactly the same: the astronauts boarding the spacecraft, the lift-off, the inside of the cabin, the view from space, the chilling sight of their oxygen supply venting into space, even the little tape recorder floating in free-fall, playing country music. All these images are from the documentary, all look almost exactly the same in the movie, and that is why Howard has been at pains to emphasize that every shot in "Apollo 13" is new. No documentary footage was used. The special effects - models, animation, shots where the actors were made weightless by floating inside a descending airplane - have re-created the experience exactly. The astronauts are played by Tom Hanks (Lovell), Bill Paxton (Haise) and Kevin Bacon (Swigert). The pilot originally scheduled for the Apollo 13 mission was Ken Mattingly ( Gary Sinise), who was grounded because he had been exposed to the measles. The key figure at Houston Mission Control is Gene Kranz (Ed Harris). Clean-cut, crew-cut, wearing white collars even in space, the astronauts had been built up in the public mind as supermen, but as Tom Wolfe's book and Phil Kaufman's movie " The Right Stuff " revealed, they were more likely to be hot-shot test pilots (with the exception of John Glenn) than straight arrows. The movie begins with the surprise selection of Lovell's group to crew Apollo 13. We meet members of their families, particularly Marilyn Lovell (Kathleen Quinlan), we follow some of the training, and then the movie follows the ill-fated mission, in space and on the ground. Kranz, the Harris character, chain-smoking Camels, masterminds the ground effort to figure out how (and if) Apollo 13 can ever return. A scheme is dreamed up to shut down power in the space capsule and move the astronauts into the lunar exploratory module, as a sort of temporary lifeboat. The lunar lander will be jettisoned at the last minute, and the main capsule's weakened batteries may have enough power left to allow the crew to return alive. Meanwhile, the problem is to keep them from dying in space. A scrubber to clean carbon dioxide from the capsule's air supply is jerry-built out of materials on board (and you can see a guy holding one just like it in "For All Mankind"). And you begin to realize, as the astronauts swing around the dark side of the moon and head for home, that, given the enormity of the task of returning to Earth, their craft and equipment is only a little more adequate than the rocket sled in which Evil Knievel proposed to hurtle across Snake River Canyon at about the same time. Ron Howard has become a director who specializes in stories involving large groups of characters: "Cocoon, " " Parenthood, " " Backdraft, " " The Paper. " Those were all films that paid attention to the individual human stories involved; they were a triumph of construction, indeed, in keeping many stories afloat and interesting. With "Apollo 13, " he correctly decides that the story is in the mission. There is a useful counterpoint in the scenes involving Lovell's wife, waiting fearfully on the ground. (She tells their son, "Something broke on your daddy's spaceship, and he's going to have to turn around before he even gets to the moon. ") But Howard adds no additional side stories, no little parallel dramas, as a lesser director might have. This is a powerful story, one of the year's best films, told with great clarity and remarkable technical detail, and acted without pumped-up histrionics. It's about men trained to do a job, and doing a better one than anyone could have imagined. The buried message is: When we dialed down the space program, we lost something crucial to our vision. When I was a kid, they used to predict that by the year 2000, you'd be able to go to the moon. Nobody ever thought to predict that you'd be able to, but nobody would bother.
Apollo 13 Watch stream online. Apollo 13 Watch stream new. Digitized, cataloged and archived by the Houston Audio Control Room. comment Reviews Reviewer: nimaid - favorite favorite favorite favorite favorite - February 11, 2020 Subject: Fantastic! Well organized and synchronized, with lossless FLACs! I am in the process of processing these with noise reduction, and leveling, followed by mastering them all together. I have discovered a few errors in the course of my endeavor: 414-AAA_TRACK-4: Missing 425-AAA_TRACK-2: No FLAC, WAV 426-AAA_TRACK-4: No FLAC, WAV 426-AAA_TRACK-5: No FLAC, WAV 426-AAA_TRACK-6: No FLAC, WAV 427-AAA_TRACK-3: Partial (No FLAC, WAV file, only 3 hours out of over 6 hours) 428-AAA_TRACK-4: Partial (No FLAC, WAV file, only 27 minutes out of over 6 hours) 428-AAA_TRACK-5: Missing (empty WAV file) Abraham Coronado February 11, 2019 How. Can i download a audio file?? How can i down load a audio file??? awsduncan February 28, 2017 How to find content I need to find some specific lines from the audio recording. I've been using the transcript on space. What is the method for finding them. The timecode and files names don't seem to correspond. LordBeefKnob January 31, 2016 Correct Times So upon playing track 414-AAA TRACK-3 in the embedded player here on the site the correct times (relative to those posted by dave4455) are as follows: Instruction to stir tanks: 2:32:20 Static burst: 2:33:55 Swigert declares they have a problem: 2:34:25 All times here are given with a few seconds of lead before the noted event occurs. dave4455 September 13, 2015 Amazing Collection! Many thanks to John Stoll for uploading these priceless audio tracks. This collection of Apollo 13 tapes (and all the other missions he has uploaded) are a goldmine of information for people who have a genuine interest in Apollo and the US Space Program. The printed transcripts help but there are numerous errors in them. Listening to the voices can not only correct these errors but also give an insight into the emotions going on at the time. This is especially true of Apollo 13. For those interested 414-AAA TRACK-3 is the Air To Ground track for before and during the accident. This also contains the PAO commentary. I downloaded this track and many others and I can give a few time stamps as follows. These are given a second or two before the event: 2:51:20 - End of TV broadcast 2:58:24 - CAPCOM gives instruction to stir up Cryo tanks 3:00:20 - Static burst indicating the mishap in the Service Module occured 3:00:44 - Swigert declares they have a problem, which is repeated by Lovell about 10 seconds later. 787-AAI to 790-AAI is the Flight Loop. Gene Kranz is the Flight Director at the start and hands over to Glyn Lunney during 788-AAI. Many thanks again John! A priceless collection. HighArts August 22, 2014 Apollo 13 Audio Thanks to the laborer who made and uploaded these files. My impression of the astronauts trial seems to be uncommon even, well, Ive never ever heard anyone say it this way. Commander Lovell seemed bitter after the accident. Fred and Rusty seemed a little shocked but functioned well. Now mind I do not blame Jim Lovell, I believe I surley would have turned to self pity at my bad luck. Jim was sarcastic at times, before the biggest obsticles to survival had been licked. I say he was severley disappointed about his situation which means... he hadnt given failure much thought before launch. I would have expected that. Anders said that it was 1/3 they'd make it on the moon, 1/3 they wouldnt make it but get back and 1/3 death. I hold these to be about right given the complexity and newness of almost all of the technology. Those machines must have had some fine engineering in them because they all got back, even Apollo 13. Only because of the quality and the adaptability of the space crafts, did they get back. Charging the CSMs battery was one miracle way above some others. The big lithium canister adaptation was not clever at all but it's all documentaries talk about, how silly. That was a no brainer and the logical next step, a school boy would have figured that out. Above all I think is the skill of those 'Fly Boys'. Threading into the re-entry slot by hand and eye coordination with a burn from the still attached an wobbling LEM!?!?! This was the greatest of the miracles I think. ub4waa January 8, 2014 It would be better to scribe about content of the files Well, well, well. I loaded several files and found. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain PAO announcements, voice of Capcom and crew and background sound. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain only weak background sound. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain PAO announcements, voice of Capcom and crew without background sound. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain only background sound. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain voice of Capcom and crew. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain voice of ground personal, I cannot understand who exactly. 405-AAA_TRAC 3 and 406-AAA_TRAC 3 contain no sound. Background sound and empty tracks would be interesting for historians but it would be better to publish announcement about contents of the files. Alexadnr Turhanov Russia Xantis August 9, 2013 Apollo-13-Problem (recovered) A great job, i am on it for hours, super team work, how they work the problem. Definitely five stars, i would give ten. Next: Apollo-13-Problem did break off at about 35 minutes however if you did listen there was still audio only to fast in pitch and reversed, i did reverse that last part and pitched it down so that it did match with the first segment, then adjusted the DB level and this is the result, i had to upload it in MP3 because my upload speed is to low. With respect and thanks to John Stoll You can find that recovered part here: Frank Netherlands South Afnorth moepower April 1, 2013 Apollo 13 - Flight director's loops Hi John, Good job on the transcriptions. I'm listening to the flight directors loop tapes 787-AAI, 788-AAI, and 789-AAI. Very exciting stuff. I am wondering, does the rest of the flight director's loop tapes for the rest of the mission exist? Also are there any of the flight controller loops too? This would be very interesting to hear from an engineering interest point of view. I know Sy Liebergot has published his tapes in a CD. Do any more exist it in the nasa archives? Thanks again, Paul Colin Anderton March 27, 2013 Noise on New File A lot of noise on track 1 (the public release line), but track 3 appears to have the same recording - but without the noise! I should have checked more recordings before giving a negative review!!! Definitely five stars! Colin. mobilemike January 21, 2013 how to change audio files to listen too? How do you change files to listen too? KentBoulder January 14, 2013 Missing files I've come back to continue listing to the mission control audio files numbered 405-AAA through 428-AAA however they all seem to be gone and what's left are some flight director's loop stuff. Any idea where they are? Mr_Larry December 1, 2012 My two cents on the contents of audio track 795-AAB and 938-AAG. Hi John I agree that this track is a simulation and it takes place on St Patrick’s Day, March 17th, 1970 as they do reference St Patrick’s Day by name and the crew don’t want to miss their liberty. But from what I gather this simulation is with the Apollo 13 backup crew; CMDR: John W. Young, CMP: John L. "Jack" Swigert and LMP: Charles M. Duke, Jr and not the prime crew. At approximately 02 min and 04 sec the audio picks with the debriefing from the simulation and later on someone will mention that the backup crew is on the line ready for the debriefing. At approximately 01 hour and 36 sec into the track the audio picks up toward the beginning of the simulation. The Flight Director is Milt Windler which would make this the maroon team and the maroon team EECOM is John Aaron. Throughout the track you will hear the CAPCOM (sounds like Joe Kerwin) call out to the command module simulator as “Apollo 13” and often refer to the crew by name John, Jack or Charlie. Track 938-AAG is Apollo 11, Neil and Buzz prepping for their EVA.. Thanks Larry Noritaki_Phil October 31, 2012 795-AAB Moepower: You are correct that the first part of this file is a recording of a simulation. It then goes back into the actual flight recodings. At the end of the simulation portion, they discuss "liberty" and that it was St. Patricks this exercise was evidently in prep for the actual flight and was conducted on March 17, 1970. These are great. I hope they are restored, soon. Hopefully, there will be more descriptions of each file. John Stoll October 28, 2012 Mission Audio Files Thanks for contacting about the mission audio files! The Apollo 13 mission tapes are on 7-track, 1/4 inch. The tapes run about six hours apiece. I originally digitized this mission about six years ago, at a time when I didn't have enough parallel processing (and hard drive space) to capture all seven tracks at once. I have that capability now, so I am re-digitizing the original tapes, this time all seven tracks... Thanks again for the contact! Should have some content here in a few weeks or so... Cheers~ John lunarmodule5 October 27, 2012 Apollo 13 - Where are the files? Hi all I was just wondering where the audio files have gone to that were here on this page?? The mission specific audio files were available but now dont seem to am I missing something? With regards LM5 astrobart favorite favorite favorite - June 20, 2012 Air to Ground zipfiles do NOT contain Apollo 13 audio Hello, First, many many thanks for making this fantastic resource available. Second: files 03-06-11_Air-to- and 03-07-11_Air-to- contain Shuttle/ISS soundbites. Haven't listened to each and every file inside the archive, but every one I did listen to was Shuttle related. Third: I had a hard time downloading these files. Many many times the downloads would end in mid-stream, because the server stopped transmitting. I analysed for network problems on my side (I'm an IT engineer... ) but I haven't found any. Anyone else had the same experience with downloads from? Fourth: any chance the 4 missing files (as indicated by Mr. Larry's post on 8 March 2012) can/will be added anytime soon? Five: is there any way in which I can help curate this collection? Best regards, EJ Bartelds, The Netherlands storehadji January 10, 2012 Bad files A lot of corrupt wav files here: all the ones Archive couldn't transcode to another format benfeist March 7, 2011 405-AAA_ begins with Apollo 7 audio. Not 13. MrBuzz February 28, 2011 Superb Superb, many thanks NoiseCollector February 27, 2011 This is the coolest thing since number stations Sweet... bookmarked.
Apollo 13 Apollo 13's damaged service module, seen from the command module, as it was being jettisoned shortly before reentry Mission type Crewed lunar landing attempt ( H) Operator NASA COSPAR ID 1970-029A SATCAT no. 4371 [1] Mission duration 5 days, 22 hours, 54 minutes, 41 seconds [2] Spacecraft properties Spacecraft Apollo CSM -109 Apollo LM -7 Manufacturer CSM: North American Rockwell LM: Grumman Launch mass 45, 931 kilograms (101, 261 lb) [3] Landing mass 5, 050 kilograms (11, 133 lb) [4] Crew Crew size 3 Members James A. Lovell, Jr. John L. Swigert, Jr. Fred W. Haise, Jr. Callsign CM: Odyssey LM: Aquarius Start of mission Launch date April 11, 1970, 19:13:00 UTC Rocket Saturn V SA-508 Launch site Kennedy LC-39A End of mission Recovered by USS Iwo Jima Landing date April 17, 1970, 18:07:41 UTC Landing site South Pacific Ocean 21°38′24″S 165°21′42″W / 21. 64000°S 165. 36167°W Docking with LM Docking date April 11, 1970, 22:32:08 UTC Undocking date April 17, 1970, 16:43:00 UTC Lovell, Swigert, Haise Apollo program ← Apollo 12 Apollo 14 → Apollo 13 was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo space program and the third meant to land on the Moon. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 11, 1970, but the lunar landing was aborted after an oxygen tank in the service module (SM) failed two days into the mission. The crew instead looped around the Moon, and returned safely to Earth on April 17. The mission was commanded by Jim Lovell with Jack Swigert as command module (CM) pilot and Fred Haise as lunar module (LM) pilot. Swigert was a late replacement for Ken Mattingly, who was grounded after exposure to rubella. Accidental ignition of damaged wire insulation inside the oxygen tank as it was being routinely stirred caused an explosion that vented the tank's contents. Without oxygen, needed both for breathing and for generating electric power, the SM's propulsion and life support systems could not operate. The CM's systems had to be shut down to conserve its remaining resources for reentry, forcing the crew to transfer to the LM as a lifeboat. With the lunar landing canceled, mission controllers worked to bring the crew home alive. Although the LM was designed to support two men on the lunar surface for two days, Mission Control in Houston improvised new procedures so it could support three men for four days. The crew experienced great hardship caused by limited power, a chilly and wet cabin and a shortage of potable water. There was a critical need to adapt the CM's cartridges for the carbon dioxide removal system to work in the LM; the crew and mission controllers were successful in improvising a solution. The astronauts' peril briefly renewed interest in the Apollo program; tens of millions watched the splashdown in the South Pacific Ocean by television. An investigative review board found fault with preflight testing of the oxygen tank and the fact that Teflon was placed inside it. The board recommended changes, including minimizing the use of potentially combustible items inside the tank; this was done for Apollo 14. The story of Apollo 13 has been dramatized several times, most notably in the 1995 film Apollo 13. Background In 1961, U. S. President John F. Kennedy challenged his nation to land an astronaut on the Moon by the end of the decade, with a safe return to Earth. [5] NASA worked towards this goal incrementally, sending astronauts into space during Project Mercury and Project Gemini, leading up to the Apollo program. [6] The goal was achieved with Apollo 11, which landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the lunar surface while Michael Collins orbited the Moon in Command Module Columbia. The mission returned to Earth on July 24, 1969, fulfilling Kennedy's challenge. [5] NASA had contracted for fifteen Saturn V rockets to achieve the goal; at the time no one knew how many missions this would require. [7] Since success was obtained in 1969 with the sixth Saturn V on Apollo 11, nine rockets remained available for a hoped-for total of ten landings. After the excitement of Apollo 11, the general public grew apathetic towards the space program and Congress continued to cut NASA's budget; Apollo 20 was canceled. [8] Despite the successful lunar landing, the missions were considered so risky that astronauts could not afford life insurance to provide for their families if they died in space. [note 1] [9] Mission Operations Control Room during the TV broadcast just before the Apollo 13 accident. Astronaut Fred Haise is shown on the screen. Even before the first U. astronaut entered space in 1961, planning for a centralized facility to communicate with the spacecraft and monitor its performance had begun, for the most part the brainchild of Christopher C. Kraft, who became NASA's first flight director. During John Glenn 's Mercury Friendship 7 flight in February 1962 (the first crewed orbital flight by the U. ), Kraft was overruled by NASA managers. He was vindicated by post-mission analysis, and implemented a rule that during the mission, the flight director's word was absolute [10] —to overrule him, NASA would have to fire him on the spot. [11] Flight directors during Apollo had a one-sentence job description, "The flight director may take any actions necessary for crew safety and mission success. " [12] In 1965, Houston's Mission Control Center opened, in part designed by Kraft and now named for him. [10] In Mission Control, each flight controller, as well as monitoring telemetry from the spacecraft, was in communication via voice loop to specialists in a Staff Support Room (or "back room"), who focused on specific spacecraft systems. [11] Apollo 13 was to be the second H mission, meant to demonstrate precision lunar landings and explore specific sites on the Moon. [13] With Kennedy's goal accomplished by Apollo 11, and Apollo 12 demonstrating that the astronauts could perform a precision landing, mission planners were able to focus on more than just landing safely and having astronauts minimally trained in geology gather lunar samples to take home to Earth. There was a greater role for science on Apollo 13, especially for geology, something emphasized by the mission's motto, Ex luna, scientia (From the Moon, knowledge). [14] Astronauts and key Mission Control personnel Swigert, Lovell and Haise the day before launch Apollo 13's mission commander, Jim Lovell, was 42 years old at the time of the spaceflight, which was his fourth and last. He was a graduate of the United States Naval Academy and had been a naval aviator and test pilot before being selected for the second group of astronauts in 1962; he flew with Frank Borman in Gemini 7 in 1965 and Aldrin in Gemini 12 the following year before flying in Apollo 8 in 1968, the first spacecraft to orbit the Moon. [15] Jack Swigert, the command module pilot (CMP), was 38 years old and held a B. in mechanical engineering and an M. in aerospace science; he had served in the Air Force and in state Air National Guards, and was an engineering test pilot before being selected for the fifth group of astronauts in 1966. [16] Fred Haise, the lunar module pilot (LMP), was 35 years old. He held a B. in aeronautical engineering, had been a Marine Corps fighter pilot, and was a civilian research pilot for NASA when he was selected as a Group 5 astronaut. [17] Apollo 13 was Swigert's and Haise's only spaceflight. [18] According to the standard Apollo crew rotation, the prime crew for Apollo 13 would have been the backup crew [note 2] for Apollo 10 with Mercury and Gemini veteran Gordon Cooper in command, Donn F. Eisele as CMP and Edgar Mitchell as LMP. Deke Slayton, NASA's Director of Flight Crew Operations, never intended to rotate Cooper and Eisele to a prime crew assignment, as both were out of favor – Cooper for his lax attitude towards training, and Eisele for incidents aboard Apollo 7 and an extramarital affair. He assigned them to the backup crew because no other veteran astronauts were available. [21] Slayton's original choices for Apollo 13 were Alan Shepard as commander, Stuart Roosa as CMP, and Mitchell as LMP. However, management felt Shepard needed more training time, as he had only recently resumed active status after surgery for an inner ear disorder, and had not flown since 1961. Thus Lovell's crew (himself, Haise and Ken Mattingly) having all backed up Apollo 11 and slated for Apollo 14, was swapped with Shepard's. [21] Swigert was originally CMP of Apollo 13's backup crew, with John Young as commander and Charles Duke as lunar module pilot. [22] Seven days before launch, Duke contracted rubella from a friend of his son. [23] This exposed both the prime and backup crews, who trained together. Of the five, only Mattingly was not immune through prior exposure. Normally, if any member of the prime crew had to be grounded, the remaining crew would be replaced as well, and the backup crew substituted, but Duke's illness ruled this out, [24] so two days before launch, Mattingly was replaced by Swigert. [16] Mattingly never developed rubella and later flew on Apollo 16. [25] For Apollo, a third crew of astronauts, known as the support crew, was designated in addition to the prime and backup crews used on projects Mercury and Gemini. Slayton created the support crews because James McDivitt, who would command Apollo 9, believed that, with preparation going on in facilities across the US, meetings that needed a member of the flight crew would be missed. Support crew members were to assist as directed by the mission commander. [26] Usually low in seniority, they assembled the mission's rules, flight plan, and checklists, and kept them updated; [27] [28] for Apollo 13, they were Vance D. Brand, Jack Lousma and either William R. Pogue or Joseph Kerwin. [note 3] [33] For Apollo 13, flight directors were: Gene Kranz, White team, [34] (the lead flight director); [35] [36] Glynn Lunney, Black team; Milt Windler, Maroon team and Gerry Griffin, Gold team. [34] The CAPCOMs (the person in Mission Control, during the Apollo program an astronaut, who was responsible for voice communications with the crew) [37] for Apollo 13 were Kerwin, Brand, Lousma, Young and Mattingly. [38] Mission insignia and call signs The Apollo 13 mission insignia depicts the Greek god of the Sun, Apollo, with three horses pulling his chariot across the face of the Moon, and the Earth seen in the distance. This is meant to symbolize the Apollo flights bringing the light of knowledge to all people. The mission motto, Ex luna, scientia (From the Moon, knowledge), appears. In choosing it, Lovell adapted the motto of his alma mater, the Naval Academy, Ex scientia, trident (From knowledge, sea power). [39] [40] On the patch, the mission number appeared in Roman numerals as Apollo XIII. It did not have to be modified after Mattingly's replacement by Swigert since it is one of only two Apollo mission insignia—the other being Apollo 11—not to include the names of the crew. It was designed by artist Lumen Martin Winter, who based it on a mural he had painted for The St. Regis Hotel in New York City. [41] The mural was later purchased by actor Tom Hanks, [42] who portrayed Lovell in the movie Apollo 13, and is now in the Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center in Illinois. [43] The mission's motto was in Lovell's mind when he chose the call sign Aquarius for the lunar module, taken from Aquarius, the bringer of water. [44] [45] Some in the media erroneously reported that the call sign was taken from a song by that name from the musical Hair. [45] [46] The command module's call sign, Odyssey, was chosen not only for its Homeric association but to refer to the recent movie, 2001: A Space Odyssey, based on a short story by science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke. [44] In his book, Lovell indicated he chose the name Odyssey because he liked the word and its definition: a long voyage with many changes of fortune. [45] Launch vehicle and spacecraft CSM-109 Odyssey being assembled and tested The Saturn V rocket used to carry Apollo 13 to the Moon was numbered SA-508, and was almost identical to those used on Apollo 8 through 12. [47] Including the spacecraft, the rocket weighed in at 2, 949, 136 kilograms (6, 501, 733 lb). [3] The S-IC stage's engines were rated to generate 440, 000 newtons (100, 000 lbf) less total thrust than Apollo 12's, though they remained within specifications. Extra propellant was carried as a test since future J missions to the Moon would require more propellant for their heavier payloads. This made the vehicle the heaviest yet flown by NASA and Apollo 13 was visibly slower to clear the launch tower than earlier missions. [48] The Apollo 13 spacecraft consisted of Command Module 109 and Service Module 109 (together CSM-109), called Odyssey, and Lunar Module 7 (LM-7), called Aquarius. Also considered part of the spacecraft were the launch escape system which would propel the command module (CM) to safety in the event of a problem during liftoff, and the Spacecraft–LM Adapter, numbered as SLA-16, which housed the lunar module (LM) during the first hours of the mission. [49] [50] The LM stages, CM and service module (SM) were received at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in June 1969; the portions of the Saturn V were received in June and July. Thereafter, testing and assembly proceeded, culminating with the rollout of the launch vehicle, with the spacecraft atop it, on December 15, 1969. [49] Apollo 13 was originally scheduled for launch on March 12, 1970; in January of that year NASA announced the mission would be postponed until April 11, both to allow more time for planning and to spread the Apollo missions over a longer period of time. [51] The plan was to have two Apollo flights per year, and was in response to budgetary constraints [52] that had recently seen the cancellation of Apollo 20. [53] Training and preparation Lovell practices deploying the flag The Apollo 13 prime crew undertook over 1, 000 hours of mission-specific training, more than five hours for every hour of the mission's ten-day planned duration. Each member of the prime crew spent over 400 hours in simulators of the CM and (for Lovell and Haise) of the LM at KSC and at Houston, some of which involved the flight controllers at Mission Control. [54] Flight controllers participated in many simulations of problems with the spacecraft in flight, which taught them how to react in an emergency. [11] Specialized simulators at other locations were also used by the crew members. [54] The astronauts of Apollo 11 had minimal time for geology training, with only six months between crew assignment and launch; higher priorities took much of their time. [55] Apollo 12 saw more such training, including practice in the field, using a CAPCOM and a simulated backroom of scientists, to whom the astronauts had to describe what they saw. [56] Scientist-astronaut Harrison Schmitt saw that there was limited enthusiasm for geology field trips. Believing an inspirational teacher was needed, Schmitt arranged for Lovell and Haise to meet his old professor, Caltech 's Lee Silver. The two astronauts, and backups Young and Duke, went on a field trip with Silver at their own time and expense. At the end of their week together, Lovell made Silver their geology mentor, who would be extensively involved in the geology planning for Apollo 13. [57] Farouk El-Baz oversaw the training of Mattingly and his backup, Swigert, which involved describing and photographing simulated lunar landmarks from airplanes. [58] El-Baz had all three prime crew astronauts describe geologic features they saw during their flights between Houston and KSC; Mattingly's enthusiasm caused other astronauts, such as Apollo 14's CMP, Roosa, to seek out El-Baz as a teacher. [59] Concerned about how close Apollo 11's LM, Eagle, had come to running out of propellant during its lunar descent, mission planners decided that beginning with Apollo 13, the CSM would bring the LM to the low orbit from which the landing attempt would commence. This was a change from Apollo 11 and 12, on which the LM made the burn to bring it to the lower orbit. The change was part of an effort to increase the amount of hover time available to the astronauts as the missions headed into rougher terrain. [60] The plan was to devote the first of the two four-hour lunar surface extravehicular activities (EVAs) to setting up the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) group of scientific instruments; during the second, Lovell and Haise would investigate Cone crater, near the planned landing site. [61] The two astronauts wore their spacesuits for some 20 walk-throughs of EVA procedures, including sample gathering and use of tools and other equipment. They flew in the " Vomit Comet " in simulated microgravity or lunar gravity, including practice in donning and doffing spacesuits. To prepare for the descent to the Moon's surface, Lovell flew the Lunar Landing Training Vehicle (LLTV). [62] Despite the fact that four of the five LLTVs and similar Lunar Landing Research Vehicles crashed during the course of the Apollo program, mission commanders considered flying them invaluable experience. [63] Experiments and scientific objectives Lovell (left) and Haise during geology training in Hawaii, January 1970 Apollo 13's designated landing site was near Fra Mauro crater; the Fra Mauro formation was believed to contain much material spattered by the impact that had filled the Imbrium basin early in the Moon's history. Dating it would provide information not only about the Moon, but about the Earth's early history. Such material was likely to be available at Cone crater, a site where an impact was believed to have drilled deep into the lunar regolith. [64] Apollo 11 had left a seismometer on the Moon, but the solar-powered unit did not survive its first two-week-long lunar night. The Apollo 12 astronauts also left one as part of its ALSEP, which was nuclear-powered. [65] Apollo 13 also carried a seismometer (known as the Passive Seismic Experiment, or PSE), similar to Apollo 12's, as part of its ALSEP, to be left on the Moon by the astronauts. [66] That seismometer was to be calibrated by the impact, after jettison, of the ascent stage of Apollo 13's LM, an object of known mass and velocity impacting at a known location. [67] Other ALSEP experiments on Apollo 13 included a Heat Flow Experiment (HFE), which would involve drilling two holes 3. 0 metres (10 ft) deep. [68] This was Haise's responsibility; he was also to drill a third hole of that depth for a core sample. [69] A Charged Particle Lunar Environment Experiment (CPLEE) measured the protons and electrons of solar origin reaching the Moon. [70] The package also included a Lunar Atmosphere Detector (LAD) [71] and a Dust Detector, to measure the accumulation of debris. [72] The Heat Flow Experiment and the CPLEE were flown for the first time on Apollo 13; the other experiments had been flown before. [69] Haise practices removing the fuel capsule from its transport cask mounted on the LM. The real cask sank unopened into the Pacific Ocean with its radioactive contents. To power the ALSEP, the SNAP-27 radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) was flown. Developed by the U. Atomic Energy Commission, SNAP-27 was first flown on Apollo 12. The fuel capsule contained about 3. 79 kilograms (8. 36 lb) of plutonium oxide. The cask placed around the capsule for transport to the Moon was built with heat shields of graphite and of beryllium, and with structural parts of titanium and of Inconel materials. Thus, it was built to withstand the heat of reentry into the Earth's atmosphere rather than pollute the air with plutonium in the event of an aborted mission. [73] A United States flag was also taken, to be erected on the Moon's surface. [74] For Apollo 11 and 12, the flag had been placed in a heat-resistant tube on the front landing leg; it was moved for Apollo 13 to the Modularized Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA) in the LM descent stage. The structure to fly the flag on the airless Moon was improved from Apollo 12's. [75] Since Lovell and Haise were to undertake longer traverses than on the earlier missions, the tool carrier which the Apollo 12 astronauts had hand-carried was expanded, given two wheels, and dubbed the Modular Equipment Transporter. [76] For the first time, red stripes were placed on the helmet, arms and legs of the commander's A7L spacesuit. This was done as after Apollo 11, those reviewing the images taken had trouble distinguishing Armstrong from Aldrin, but the change was approved too late for Apollo 12. [77] New drink bags that attached inside the helmets and were to be sipped from as the astronauts walked on the Moon were demonstrated by Haise during Apollo 13's final television broadcast before the accident. [78] [79] Apollo 13's primary mission objectives were to: "Perform selenological inspection, survey, and sampling of materials in a preselected region of the Fra Mauro Formation. Deploy and activate an Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package. Develop man's capability to work in the lunar environment. Obtain photographs of candidate exploration sites. " [80] The astronauts were also to accomplish other photographic objectives, including of the Gegenschein from lunar orbit, and of the Moon itself on the journey back to Earth. Some of this photography was to be performed by Swigert as Lovell and Haise walked on the Moon. [81] Swigert was also to take photographs of the Lagrangian points of the Earth-Moon system. Apollo 13 had twelve cameras on board, including those for television and moving pictures. [69] The crew was also to downlink bistatic radar observations of the Moon. None of these was attempted because of the accident. [81] Flight of Apollo 13 The circumlunar trajectory followed by Apollo 13, drawn to scale; the accident occurred about 56 hours into the mission Apollo 13 spacecraft configuration during most of the journey Launch and translunar injection Apollo 13 launches from Kennedy Space Center, April 11, 1970 The mission was launched at the planned time, 2:13:00 pm EST (19:13:00 UTC) on April 11. An anomaly occurred when the second-stage, center (inboard) engine shut down about two minutes early. [82] [83] This was caused by severe pogo oscillations. Starting with Apollo 10, the vehicle's guidance system was designed to shut the engine down in response to chamber pressure excursions. [84] Pogo oscillations had occurred on Titan rockets (used during the Gemini program) and on previous Apollo missions, [85] [86] but on Apollo 13 they were amplified by an interaction with turbopump cavitation. [87] [88] A fix to prevent pogo was ready for the mission, but schedule pressure did not permit the hardware's integration into the Apollo 13 vehicle. [84] [89] A post-flight investigation revealed the engine was one cycle away from catastrophic failure. [84] In spite of the shutdown, the four outboard engines and the S-IVB third stage burned longer to compensate, and the vehicle achieved very close to the planned circular 190 kilometers (100 nmi) parking orbit, followed by a translunar injection (TLI) about two hours later, setting the mission on course for the Moon. [82] [83] After TLI, Swigert performed the separation and transposition maneuvers before docking the CSM Odyssey to the LM Aquarius, and the spacecraft pulled away from the third stage. Ground controllers then sent the third stage on a course to impact the Moon in range of the Apollo 12 seismometer, which it did just over three days into the mission. [91] The crew settled in for the three-day trip to Fra Mauro. At 30:40:50 into the mission, with the TV camera running, the crew performed a burn to place Apollo 13 on a hybrid trajectory. The departure from a free-return trajectory meant that if no further burns were performed, Apollo 13 would miss Earth on its return trajectory, rather than intercept it, as with a free return. [92] A free return trajectory could only reach sites near the lunar equator; a hybrid trajectory, which could be started at any point after TLI, allowed sites with higher latitudes, such as Fra Mauro, to be reached. [93] Communications were enlivened when Swigert realized that in the last-minute rush, he had omitted to file his federal income tax return (due April 15), and amid laughter from mission controllers, asked how he could get an extension. He was found to be entitled to a 60-day extension for being out of the country at the deadline. [94] Entry into the LM to test its systems had been scheduled for 58:00:00; when the crew awoke on the third day of the mission, they were informed it had been moved up three hours and was later moved up again by another hour. A television broadcast was scheduled for 55:00:00; Lovell, acting as emcee, showed the audience the interiors of Odyssey and Aquarius. [95] The audience was limited by the fact that none of the television networks were carrying the broadcast, [96] forcing Marilyn Lovell (Jim Lovell's wife) to go to the VIP room at Mission Control if she wanted to watch her husband and his crewmates. [97] Accident Approximately six and a half minutes after the TV broadcast – approaching 56:00:00 – Apollo 13 was about 180, 000 nautical miles (210, 000 mi; 330, 000 km) from Earth. [98] Haise was completing the shutdown of the LM after testing its systems while Lovell stowed the TV camera. Jack Lousma, the CAPCOM, sent minor instructions to Swigert, including changing the attitude of the craft to facilitate photography of Comet Bennett. [98] [99] The pressure sensor in one of the SM's oxygen tanks had earlier appeared to be malfunctioning, so Sy Liebergot (the EECOM, in charge of monitoring the CSM's electrical system) requested that the stirring fans in the tanks be activated. Normally this was done once daily; this additional stir would destratify the contents of the tanks, making the pressure readings more accurate. [98] The Flight Director, Kranz, had Liebergot wait a few minutes for the crew to settle down after the telecast, [100] then Lousma relayed the request to Swigert, who activated the switches controlling the fans, [98] and after a few seconds turned them off again. [99] Ninety-five seconds after Swigert activated those switches, [100] the astronauts heard a "pretty large bang", accompanied by fluctuations in electrical power and the firing of the attitude control thrusters. [101] [102] Communications and telemetry to Earth were lost for 1. 8 seconds, until the system automatically corrected by switching the high-gain S-band antenna, used for translunar communications, from narrow-beam to wide-beam mode. [103] The accident happened at 55:54:53; Swigert reported 26 seconds later, "Okay, Houston, we've had a problem here, " echoed at 55:55:42 by Lovell, "Houston, we've had a problem. We've had a Main B Bus undervolt. " [98] Lovell's initial thought on hearing the noise was that Haise had activated the LM's cabin-repressurization valve, which also produced a bang (Haise enjoyed doing so to startle his crewmates) but Lovell could see that Haise had no idea what had happened. Swigert initially thought that a meteoroid might have struck the LM, but he and Lovell quickly realized there was no leak. [104] The Main Bus B undervolt meant that there was insufficient voltage flowing from the SM's three power cells (fueled by hydrogen and oxygen piped from their respective tanks) to the second of the SM's two power distribution systems. Almost everything in the CSM required power. Although the bus momentarily returned to normal status, soon both buses A and B were short on voltage. Haise checked the status of the fuel cells, and found that two of them were dead. Mission rules forbade entering lunar orbit unless all fuel cells were operational. [105] In the minutes after the accident, there were several unusual readings, showing that tank 2 was empty and tank 1's pressure slowly falling, that the computer on the spacecraft had reset, and that the high-gain antenna was not working. Liebergot initially missed the worrying signs from tank 2 following the stir, as he was focusing on tank 1, believing that its reading would be a good guide to what was present in tank 2; so did controllers supporting him in the "back room". When Kranz questioned Liebergot on this he initially responded that there might be false readings due to an instrumentation problem; he was often teased about that in the years to come. [11] Lovell, looking out the window, reported "a gas of some sort" venting into space, making it clear that there was a serious problem. [106] Since the fuel cells needed oxygen to operate, when Oxygen Tank 1 ran dry, the remaining fuel cell would shut down, meaning the CSM's only significant sources of power and oxygen would be the CM's batteries and its oxygen "surge tank". These would be needed for the final hours of the mission, but the remaining fuel cell, already starved for oxygen, was drawing from the surge tank. Kranz ordered the surge tank isolated, saving its oxygen, but this meant that the remaining fuel cell would die within two hours, as the oxygen in tank 1 was consumed or leaked away. [105] The volume surrounding the spacecraft was filled with myriad small bits of debris from the accident, complicating any efforts to use the stars for navigation. [107] The mission's goal became simply getting the astronauts back to Earth alive. [108] Looping around the Moon This depiction of a direct abort (from a 1966 planning report) contemplates returning from a point much earlier in the mission, and closer to Earth, than where the Apollo 13 accident occurred. The lunar module had charged batteries and full oxygen tanks for use on the lunar surface, so Kranz directed that the astronauts power up the LM and use it as a "lifeboat" [11] – a scenario anticipated but considered unlikely. [109] Procedures for using the LM in this way had been developed by LM flight controllers after a training simulation for Apollo 10 in which the LM was needed for survival, but could not be powered up in time. [108] Had Apollo 13's accident occurred on the return voyage, with the LM already jettisoned, the astronauts would have died. [110] A key decision was the choice of return path. A "direct abort" would use the SM's main engine (the Service Propulsion System or SPS) to return before reaching the Moon. But the accident could have damaged the SPS, and the fuel cells would have to last at least another hour to meet its power requirements, so Kranz instead decided on a longer route: the spacecraft would swing around the Moon before heading back to Earth. Apollo 13 was on the hybrid trajectory which was to take it to Fra Mauro; it now needed to be brought back to a free return. The LM's Descent Propulsion System (DPS), although not as powerful as the SPS, could do this, but new software for Mission Control's computers needed to be written by technicians as it had never been contemplated that the CSM/LM spacecraft would have to be maneuvered by the DPS. As the CM was being shut down, Lovell copied down its guidance system's orientation information and performed hand calculations to transfer it to the LM's guidance system, which had been turned off; at his request Mission Control checked his figures. [108] [111] At 61:29:43. 49 the DPS burn of 34. 23 seconds took Apollo 13 back to a free return trajectory. [112] The Apollo 13 crew photographed the Moon out of the Lunar Module. The change would get Apollo 13 back to Earth in about four days' time – though with splashdown in the Indian Ocean, where NASA had few recovery forces. Jerry Bostick and other Flight Dynamics Officers (FIDOs) were anxious both to shorten the travel time and to move splashdown to the Pacific Ocean, where the main recovery forces were located. One option would shave 36 hours off the return time, but required jettisoning the SM; this would expose the CM's heat shield to space during the return journey, something for which it had not been designed. The FIDOs also proposed other solutions. After a meeting involving NASA officials and engineers, the senior individual present, Manned Spaceflight Center director Robert R. Gilruth, decided on a burn using the DPS, that would save 12 hours and land Apollo 13 in the Pacific. This "PC+2" burn would take place two hours after pericynthion, the closest approach to the Moon. [108] At pericynthion, Apollo 13 set the record (per the Guinness Book of World Records), which still stands, for the highest absolute altitude attained by a crewed spacecraft: 400, 171 kilometers (248, 655 mi) from Earth at 7:21 pm EST, April 14 (00:21:00 UTC April 15). [113] [note 4] While preparing for the burn the crew was told that the S-IVB had impacted the Moon as planned, leading Lovell to quip, "Well, at least something worked on this flight. " [116] [117] Kranz's White team of mission controllers, which had spent most of their time supporting other teams and developing the procedures urgently needed to get the astronauts home, took their consoles for the PC+2 procedure. [118] Normally, the accuracy of such a burn could be assured by checking the alignment Lovell had transferred to the LM's computer against the position of one of the stars astronauts used for navigation, but the light glinting off the many pieces of debris accompanying the spacecraft made that impractical. The astronauts used the one star available whose position could not be obscured – the Sun. Houston also informed them that the Moon would be centered in the commander's window of the LM as they made the burn, which was almost perfect – less than 0. 3 meters (a foot) per second off. [116] The burn, at 79:27:38. 95, lasted four minutes, 23 seconds. [119] The crew then shut down most LM systems to conserve consumables. [116] Return to earth Swigert with the rig improvised to adapt the CM's lithium hydroxide canisters for use in the LM The LM carried enough oxygen, but that still left the problem of removing carbon dioxide, which was absorbed by canisters of lithium hydroxide pellets. The LM's stock of canisters, meant to accommodate two astronauts for 45 hours on the Moon, was not enough to support three astronauts for the return journey to Earth. [120] The CM had enough canisters, but they were the wrong shape and size to work in the LM's equipment. Engineers on the ground devised a way to bridge the gap, using plastic, covers ripped from procedures manuals, duct tape, and other items. [121] [122] NASA engineers referred to the improvised device as "the mailbox". The procedure for building the device was read to the crew by CAPCOM Joe Kerwin over the course of an hour, and it was built by Swigert and Haise; carbon dioxide levels began dropping immediately. Lovell later described this improvisation as "a fine example of cooperation between ground and space". [123] Lovell tries to rest in the frigid spacecraft The CSM's electricity came from fuel cells that produced water as a byproduct, but the LM was powered by silver-zinc batteries, so both electrical power and water (needed for equipment cooling as well as drinking) would be critical. LM power consumption was reduced to the lowest level possible; [124] Swigert was able to fill some drinking bags with water from the CM's water tap, [116] but even assuming rationing of personal consumption, Haise initially calculated they would run out of water for cooling about five hours before reentry. This seemed acceptable because the systems of Apollo 11's LM, once jettisoned in lunar orbit, had continued to operate for seven to eight hours even with the water cut off. In the end, Apollo 13 returned to Earth with 12. 8 kilograms (28. 2 lb) of water remaining. [125] The crew's ration was 0. 2 liters of water per person per day; the three astronauts lost a total of 14 kilograms (31 lb) among them, and Haise developed a urinary tract infection. [126] [127] Apollo 13: Houston, We've Got a Problem (1970) — Documentary about the mission by NASA (28:21) Inside the darkened spacecraft, the temperature dropped as low as 3 °C (38 °F). Lovell considered having the crew don their spacesuits, but decided this would be too hot. Instead, Lovell and Haise wore their lunar EVA boots and Swigert put on an extra coverall. All three astronauts were cold, especially Swigert, who had got his feet wet while filling the water bags and had no lunar overshoes (since he had not been scheduled to walk on the Moon). As they had been told not to discharge their urine to space to avoid disturbing the trajectory, they had to store it in bags. Water condensed on the walls, though any condensation there may have been behind equipment panels [128] caused no problems, partly because of the extensive electrical insulation improvements instituted after the Apollo 1 fire. [129] Despite all this the crew voiced few complaints. [130] Flight controller John Aaron, along with Mattingly and several engineers and designers, devised a procedure for powering up the command module from full shutdown – something never intended to be done in flight, much less under Apollo 13's severe power and time constraints. [131] The astronauts implemented the procedure without apparent difficulty: Kranz later credited the fact that all three astronauts had been test pilots, accustomed to having to work in critical situations with their lives on the line, for their survival. [130] Reentry and splashdown Despite the accuracy of the transearth injection, the spacecraft slowly drifted off course, necessitating a correction. As the LM's guidance system had been shut down following the PC+2 burn, the crew was told to use the line between night and day on the Earth to guide them, a technique used on NASA's earth-orbit missions but never on the way back from the Moon. [130] This DPS burn, at 105:18:42 for 14 seconds, brought the projected entry flight path angle back within safe limits. Nevertheless, yet another burn was needed at 137:40:13, using the LM's reaction control system (RCS) thrusters, for 21. 5 seconds. The SM was jettisoned less than half an hour later, allowing the crew to see the damage for the first time, and photograph it. They reported that an entire panel was missing from the SM's exterior, the fuel cells above the oxygen tank shelf were tilted, that the high-gain antenna was damaged, and there was a considerable amount of debris elsewhere. [132] Haise could see damage to the SM's engine bell, validating Kranz's decision not to use the SPS. [130] Apollo 13 splashes down in the South Pacific on April 17, 1970 The last problem to be solved was how to separate the lunar module a safe distance away from the command module just before reentry. The normal procedure, in lunar orbit, was to release the LM then use the service module's RCS to pull the CSM away, but by this point the SM had already been released. Grumman, manufacturer of the LM, assigned a team of University of Toronto engineers, led by senior scientist Bernard Etkin, to solve the problem of how much air pressure to use to push the modules apart. The astronauts applied the solution, which was successful. [133] The LM reentered Earth's atmosphere and was destroyed, the remaining pieces falling in the deep ocean. [134] [135] Apollo 13's final midcourse correction had addressed the concerns of the Atomic Energy Commission, which wanted the cask containing the plutonium oxide intended for the SNAP-27 RTG to land in a safe place. The impact point was over the Tonga Trench in the Pacific, one of its deepest points, and the cask sank 10 kilometers (6 mi) to the bottom. Later helicopter surveys found no radioactive leakage. [130] Ionization of the air around the command module during reentry would typically cause a four-minute communications blackout. Apollo 13's shallow reentry path lengthened this to six minutes, longer than had been expected; controllers feared that the CM's heat shield had failed. [136] Odyssey regained radio contact and splashed down safely in the South Pacific Ocean, 21°38′24″S 165°21′42″W / 21. 36167°W, [137] southeast of American Samoa and 6. 5 km (3. 5 nmi) from the recovery ship, USS Iwo Jima. [138] Although fatigued, the crew was in good condition except for Haise, who was suffering from a serious urinary tract infection because of insufficient water intake. [127] The crew stayed overnight on the ship and flew to Pago Pago, Samoa, the next day. They flew to Hawaii, where President Richard Nixon awarded them the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor. [139] They stayed overnight, and then were flown back to Houston. [140] En route to Honolulu, President Nixon stopped at Houston to award the Presidential Medal of Freedom to the Apollo 13 Mission Operations Team. [141] He originally planned to give the award to NASA administrator Dr. Thomas O. Paine, but Paine recommended the mission operations team. [142] Public and media reaction Nobody believes me, but during this six-day odyssey we had no idea what an impression Apollo 13 made on the people of Earth. We never dreamed a billion people were following us on television and radio, and reading about us in banner headlines of every newspaper published. We still missed the point on board the carrier Iwo Jima, which picked us up, because the sailors had been as remote from the media as we were. Only when we reached Honolulu did we comprehend our impact: there we found President Nixon and [NASA Administrator] Dr. Paine to meet us, along with my wife Marilyn, Fred's wife Mary (who being pregnant, also had a doctor along just in case), and bachelor Jack's parents, in lieu of his usual airline stewardesses. — Jim Lovell [127] Worldwide interest in the Apollo program was reawakened by the incident; television coverage of which was seen by millions. Four Soviet ships headed toward the landing area to assist if needed, [143] and other nations offered assistance should the craft have to splash down elsewhere. [144] President Nixon canceled appointments, phoned the astronauts' families, and drove to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, where Apollo's tracking and communications were coordinated. [143] The rescue received more public attention than any spaceflight to that point, other than the first Moon landing on Apollo 11. There were worldwide headlines, and people surrounded television sets to get the latest developments, offered by networks who interrupted their regular programming for bulletins. Pope Paul VI led a congregation of 10, 000 people in praying for the astronauts' safe return; ten times that number offered prayers at a religious festival in India. [145] The United States Senate on April 14 passed a resolution urging businesses to pause at 9:00 pm local time that evening to allow for employee prayer. [143] An estimated 40 million Americans watched Apollo 13's splashdown, carried live on all three networks, with another 30 million watching some portion of the six and one-half hour telecast. Even more outside the U. watched. Jack Gould of The New York Times stated that Apollo 13, "which came so close to tragic disaster, in all probability united the world in mutual concern more fully than another successful landing on the Moon would have". [146] Investigation and response Review board Oxygen tank number 2, showing heater and thermostat unit Immediately upon the crew's return, NASA Administrator Paine and Deputy Administrator George Low appointed a review board – chaired by NASA Langley Research Center Director Edgar M. Cortright and including Neil Armstrong and six others [note 5] – to investigate the accident. The board's final report, sent to Paine on June 15, [148] found that the failure began in the service module's number 2 oxygen tank. [149] Damaged Teflon insulation on the wires to the stirring fan inside Oxygen Tank 2 allowed the wires to short-circuit and ignite this insulation. The resulting fire quickly increased pressure inside the tank and the tank dome failed, filling the fuel cell bay (SM Sector 4) with rapidly expanding gaseous oxygen and combustion products. The escaping gas was probably enough by itself to blow out the aluminum exterior panel to Sector 4, but combustion products generated as nearby insulation ignited would have added to the pressure. The panel's departure exposed the sector to space, snuffing out the fire, and it probably hit the nearby high-gain antenna, disrupting communications to Earth for 1. 8 seconds. [150] The sectors of the SM were not airtight from each other, and had there been time for the entire SM to become as pressurized as Sector 4, the force on the CM's heat shield would have separated the two modules. The report questioned the use of Teflon and other materials shown to be flammable in supercritical oxygen, such as aluminum, within the tank. [151] The board found no evidence pointing to any other theory of the accident. [152] Mechanical shock forced the oxygen valves closed on the number 1 and number 3 fuel cells, putting them out of commission. [153] The sudden failure of Oxygen Tank 2 compromised Oxygen Tank 1, causing its contents to leak out, possibly through a damaged line or valve, over the next 130 minutes, entirely depleting the SM's oxygen supply. [154] [155] With both SM oxygen tanks emptying, and with other damage to the SM, the mission had to be aborted. [156] The board praised the response to the emergency, "The imperfection in Apollo 13 constituted a near disaster, averted only by outstanding performance on the part of the crew and the ground control team which supported them. " [157] Oxygen Tank 2 was manufactured by the Beech Aircraft Company of Boulder, Colorado, as subcontractor to North American Rockwell (NAR) of Downey, California, prime contractor for the CSM. [158] It contained two thermostatic switches, originally designed for the command module's 28-volt DC power, but which could fail if subjected to the 65 volts used during ground testing at KSC. [159] Under the original 1962 specifications, the switches would be rated for 28 volts, but revised specifications issued in 1965 called for 65 volts to allow for quicker tank pressurization at KSC. Nonetheless, the switches Beech used were not rated for 65 volts. [160] Panel similar to the SM Sector 4 cover being ejected during a test performed as part of the investigation At NAR's facility, Oxygen Tank 2 had been originally installed in an oxygen shelf placed in the Apollo 10 service module, SM-106, but which was removed to fix a potential electromagnetic interference problem and another shelf substituted. During removal, the shelf was accidentally dropped at least 5 centimeters (2 in) because a retaining bolt had not been removed. The probability of damage from this was low, but it is possible that the fill line assembly was loose and made worse by the fall. After some retesting (which did not include filling the tank with liquid oxygen), in November 1968 the shelf was re-installed in SM-109, intended for Apollo 13, which was shipped to KSC in June 1969. [161] The Countdown Demonstration Test took place with SM-109 in its place near the top of the Saturn V and began on March 16, 1970. During the test, the cryogenic tanks were filled, but Oxygen Tank 2 could not be emptied through the normal drain line, and a report was written documenting the problem. After discussion among NASA and the contractors, attempts to empty the tank resumed on March 27. When it would not empty normally, the heaters in the tank were turned on to boil off the oxygen. The thermostatic switches were designed to prevent the heaters from raising the temperature higher than 27 °C (80 °F), but they failed under the 65-volt power supply applied. Temperatures on the heater tube within the tank may have reached 540 °C (1, 000 °F), most likely damaging the Teflon insulation. [159] The temperature gauge was not designed to read higher than 29 °C (85 °F), so the technician monitoring the procedure detected nothing unusual. This heating had been approved by Lovell and Mattingly of the prime crew, as well as by NASA managers and engineers. [162] [163] Replacement of the tank would have delayed the mission by at least a month. [126] The tank was filled with liquid oxygen again before launch; once electric power was connected, it was in a hazardous condition. [156] The board found that Swigert's activation of the Oxygen Tank 2 fan at the request of Mission Control caused an electrical arc that set the tank on fire. [164] The board conducted a test of an oxygen tank rigged with hot-wire ignitors that caused a rapid rise in temperature within the tank, after which it failed, producing telemetry similar to that seen with the Apollo 13 Oxygen Tank 2. [165] Tests with panels similar to the one that was seen to be missing on SM Sector 4 caused separation of the panel in the test apparatus. [166] Changes in response Redesigned oxygen tank for Apollo 14 For Apollo 14 and subsequent missions, the oxygen tank was redesigned, the thermostats being upgraded to handle the proper voltage. The heaters were retained since they were necessary to maintain oxygen pressure. The stirring fans, with their unsealed motors, were removed, which meant the oxygen quantity gauge was no longer accurate. This required adding a third tank so that no tank would go below half full. [167] The third tank was placed in Bay 1 of the SM, on the side opposite the other two, and was given an isolation valve that could isolate it from the fuel cells and from the other two oxygen tanks in an emergency, and allow it to feed the CM's environmental system only. The quantity probe was upgraded from aluminum to stainless steel. [168] All electrical wiring in Bay 4 was sheathed in stainless steel. The fuel cell oxygen supply valves were redesigned to isolate the Teflon-coated wiring from the oxygen. The spacecraft and Mission Control monitoring systems were modified to give more immediate and visible warnings of anomalies. [167] An emergency supply of 19 litres (5 US gal) of water was stored in the CM, and an emergency battery, identical to those that powered the LM's descent stage, was placed in the SM. The LM was modified to make transfer of power from LM to CM easier. [169] Devices were placed in the S-II second stage to counteract pogo oscillations. [170] Aftermath On February 5, 1971, Apollo 14 's LM, Antares, landed on the Moon with astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell aboard, near Fra Mauro, the site Apollo 13 had been intended to explore. [171] Haise served as CAPCOM during the descent to the Moon, [172] and during the second EVA, during which Shepard and Mitchell explored near Cone crater. [173] None of the Apollo 13 astronauts flew in space again. Lovell retired from NASA and the Navy in 1973, entering the private sector. [174] Swigert was to have flown on the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (the first joint mission with the Soviet Union) but was removed as part of the fallout from the Apollo 15 postal covers incident. He took a leave of absence from NASA in 1973 and left the agency to enter politics, being elected to the House of Representatives in 1982, but died of cancer before he could be sworn in. [175] Haise was slated to have been the commander of the canceled Apollo 19 mission, and flew the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Tests before retiring from NASA in 1979. [176] Several experiments were completed even though the mission did not land on the Moon. [177] One involved the launch vehicle's S-IVB (the Saturn V's third stage) which on prior missions had been sent into solar orbit once detached. The seismometer left by Apollo 12 had detected frequent impacts of small objects onto the Moon, but larger impacts would yield more information about the Moon's crust, so it was decided that beginning with Apollo 13, the S-IVB would be crashed into the Moon. [178] The impact occurred at 77:56:40 into the mission and produced enough energy that the gain on the seismometer, 117 kilometers (73 mi) from the impact, had to be reduced. [91] An experiment to measure the amount of atmospheric electrical phenomena during the ascent to orbit – added after Apollo 12 was struck by lightning – returned data indicating a heightened risk during marginal weather. A series of photographs of Earth, taken to test whether cloud height could be determined from synchronous satellites, achieved the desired results. [177] The Apollo 13 command module Odyssey on display at the Cosmosphere in Hutchinson, Kansas The CM's interior components were removed during the investigation of the accident and reassembled into boilerplate BP-1102A, the water egress training module, which was subsequently on display at the Museum of Natural History and Science in Louisville, Kentucky, until 2000. Meanwhile, the exterior shell was displayed at the Musée de l'air et de l'espace, in Paris. The command module shell and the internal components were reassembled, and Odyssey is currently on display at the Cosmosphere in Hutchinson, Kansas. [179] Apollo 13 was called a "successful failure" by Lovell. [180] It has been repeatedly called, "NASA's finest hour". [181] [182] [183] [184] Author Colin Burgess wrote, "the life-or-death flight of Apollo 13 dramatically evinced the colossal risks inherent in manned spaceflight. Then, with the crew safely back on Earth, public apathy set in once again. " [185] William R. Compton, in his book about the Apollo Program, said of Apollo 13, "Only a heroic effort of real-time improvisation by mission operations teams saved the crew. " [186] Rick Houston and Milt Heflin, in their history of Mission Control, stated, "Apollo 13 proved mission control could bring those space voyagers back home again when their lives were on the line. " [187] Former NASA chief historian Roger D. Launius wrote, "More than any other incident in the history of spaceflight, recovery from this accident solidified the world’s belief in NASA’s capabilities". [188] Nevertheless, the accident convinced some officials, such as Manned Spaceflight Center director Gilruth, that if NASA kept sending astronauts on Apollo missions, some would inevitably be killed, and they called for as quick an end as possible to the program. [188] Nixon's advisers recommended canceling the remaining lunar missions, saying that a disaster in space would cost him political capital. [189] Budget cuts made such a decision easier, and during the pause after Apollo 13, two missions were canceled, meaning that the program ended with Apollo 17 in December 1972. [188] [190] Popular culture and media Command module replica used during Apollo 13 filming The 1974 movie Houston, We've Got a Problem, while set around the Apollo 13 incident, is a fictional drama about the crises faced by ground personnel when the emergency disrupts their work schedules and places further stress on their lives. Lovell publicly complained about the movie, saying it was "fictitious and in poor taste". [191] [192] "Houston... We've Got a Problem" was the title of an episode of the BBC documentary series A Life At Stake, broadcast in March 1978. This was an accurate, if simplified, reconstruction of the events. [193] In 1994, during the 25th anniversary of Apollo 11, PBS released a 90-minute documentary titled Apollo 13: To the Edge and Back. [194] [195] Following the flight, the crew planned to write a book, but they all left NASA without starting it. After Lovell retired in 1991, he was approached by journalist Jeffrey Kluger about writing a non-fiction account of the mission. Swigert died in 1982 and Haise was no longer interested in such a project. The resultant book, Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13, was published in 1994. [196] The next year, in 1995, a film adaptation of the book, Apollo 13, was released, directed by Ron Howard and starring Tom Hanks as Lovell, Bill Paxton as Haise, Kevin Bacon as Swigert, Gary Sinise as Mattingly, Ed Harris as Kranz, and Kathleen Quinlan as Marilyn Lovell. James Lovell, Kranz, and other principals have stated that this film depicted the events of the mission with reasonable accuracy, given that some dramatic license was taken. For example, the film changes the tense of Lovell's famous follow-up to Swigert's original words from, "Houston, we've had a problem" to " Houston, we have a problem ". [98] [197] The film also invented the phrase " Failure is not an option ", uttered by Harris as Kranz in the film; the phrase became so closely associated with Kranz that he used it for the title of his 2000 autobiography. [197] The film won two of the nine Academy Awards it was nominated for, Best Film Editing and Best Sound. [198] [199] In the 1998 miniseries From the Earth to the Moon, co-produced by Hanks and Howard, the mission is dramatized in the episode "We Interrupt This Program". Rather than showing the incident from the crew's perspective as in the Apollo 13 feature film, it is instead presented from an Earth-bound perspective of television reporters competing for coverage of the event. [200] Gallery Lovell practices deploying the ALSEP during training The Apollo 13 launch vehicle being rolled out, December 1969 Lunar module Aquarius after it was jettisoned above the Earth Mission Control celebrates the successful splashdown The crew speaking with President Nixon shortly after their return Replica of the lunar plaque with Swigert's name that was to cover the one attached to Aquarius with Mattingly's name Notes ^ No Apollo astronaut flew without life insurance, but the policies were paid for by private third parties whose involvement was not publicized. [9] ^ The role of the backup crew was to train and be prepared to fly in the event something happened to the prime crew. [19] Backup crews, according to the rotation, were assigned as the prime crew three missions after their assignment as backups. [20] ^ Some sources list Kerwin [29] and others list Pogue as the third member [30] [31] [32] ^ The record was set because the Moon was nearly at its furthest from Earth during the mission. Apollo 13's unique free return trajectory caused it to go approximately 100 kilometers (60 mi) further from the lunar far side than other Apollo lunar missions, but this was a minor contribution to the record. [114] A reconstruction of the trajectory by astrodynamicist Daniel Adamo in 2009 records the furthest distance as 400, 046 kilometers (248, 577 mi) at 7:34 pm EST (00:34:13 UTC). Apollo 10 holds the record for second-furthest at a distance of 399, 806 kilometers (248, 428 mi). [115] ^ The others were Robert F. 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Apollo Program Summary Report (PDF) (Report). National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 1975. JSC-09423. Barell, John (2016). Antarctic Adventures: Life Lessons from Polar Explorers. Balboa Press. ISBN 978-1-5043-6651-9. Benson, Charles D. ; Faherty, William Barnaby (1978). Moonport: A History of Apollo Launch Facilities and Operations (PDF). NASA History Series. SP-4204. Brooks, Courtney G. ; Grimwood, James M. ; Swenson, Loyd S. Jr. (1979). Chariots for Apollo: A History of Manned Lunar Spacecraft (PDF). : Scientific and Technical Information Branch, NASA. ISBN 978-0-486-46756-6. LCCN 79001042. OCLC 4664449. NASA SP-4205. Burgess, Colin (2019). Shattered Dreams: The Lost and Canceled Space Missions (eBook ed. ). Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-1-4962-1422-5. Chaikin, Andrew (1998) [1994]. A Man on the Moon: The Voyages of the Apollo Astronauts. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-024146-4. Compton, William David (1989). 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Houston, Rick; Heflin, J. Milt; Aaron, John (2015). Go, Flight! : the Unsung Heroes of Mission Control, 1965–1992 (eBook ed. ISBN 978-0-8032-8494-4. Houston, We've Got a Problem (PDF). : NASA Office of Public Affairs. EP-76. Kranz, Gene (2000). Failure Is Not an Option: Mission Control from Mercury to Apollo 13 and Beyond. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-0079-0. Larsen, Curtis E. (May 22, 2008). NASA Experience with Pogo in Human Spaceflight Vehicles (PDF). NATO RTO Symposium ATV-152 on Limit-Cycle Oscillations and Other Amplitude-Limited, Self-Excited Vibrations. NASA Johnson Space Center. Norway. RTO-MP-AVT-152. Lattimer, Dick (1988) [1983]. All We Did Was Fly to the Moon. History-alive series. 1. Foreword by James A. Michener (2nd ed. Gainesville, Florida: Whispering Eagle Press. ISBN 978-0-9611228-0-5. LCCN 85222271. Launius, Roger D. (2019). Reaching for the Moon: A Short History of the Space Race (eBook ed. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-24516-5. Lovell, James A. (1975). "Chapter 13: "Houston, We've Had a Problem " " (PDF). In Cortright, Edgar M. (ed. Apollo Expeditions to the Moon (PDF). SP-350. Lovell, Jim; Kluger, Jeffrey (2000) [1994]. Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-618-05665-1. Mission Evaluation Team (September 1970). Apollo 13 Mission Report (PDF). Houston, Texas: NASA Manned Spacecraft Center. MSC-02680. Morgan, Clay (2001). Shuttle–Mir (PDF). SP-4225. Orloff, Richard W. ; Harland, David M. (2006). Apollo: The Definitive Sourcebook. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-387-30043-6. Orloff, Richard W. (2000). Apollo by the Numbers: A Statistical Reference (PDF). : NASA History Division, Office of Policy and Plans. ISBN 978-0-16-050631-4. LCCN 00061677. OCLC 829406439. NASA SP-2000-4029. Phinney, William C. (2015). Science Training History of the Apollo Astronauts (PDF). SP-2015-626. Slayton, Donald K. "Deke"; Cassutt, Michael (1994). Deke! U. Manned Space: From Mercury to the Shuttle (1st ed. New York: Forge. ISBN 978-0-312-85503-1. Turnill, Reginald (2003). The Moonlandings: An Eyewitness Account. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-03535-4. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apollo 13. Wikiquote has quotations related to: Apollo 13 NASA reports "Apollo 13: Lunar exploration experiments and photography summary" (Original mission as planned) (PDF) NASA, February 1970 "Apollo 13 Technical Air-to-Ground Voice Transcription" (PDF) NASA, April 1970 Multimedia "Space Educators' Handbook Apollo 13" at NASA "Apollo 13: LIFE With the Lovell Family During 'NASA's Finest Hour'" – slideshow by Life magazine "Apollo 13: NASA's Finest Hour" – slideshow by Life magazine at the Internet Archive.
By William Broyles Jr. and Al Reinert. Based on the book "Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13" by Jim Lovell. Transcript. More info about this movie on FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY TITLE: APOLLO 1 PRE-LAUNCH TEST - CAPE KENNEDY, FLORDIA - JANUARY 27, 1967 MAN'S VOICE (on comm) - Flight. We have the crew crossing gantry for capsule ingress. 2ND MAN'S VOICE (on comm) - Roger that. WALTER CRONKITE (voice over) - Inspired by the late President Kennedy, in only seven years America has risen to the challenge of what he called the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked. After trailing the Russians for years with our manned space program... [CRONKITE continues over ASTRONAUT] ASTRONAUT - We got a short. - Fire in the spacecraft. SATURN TEST CONDUCTOR (STC) (garbled - lost under CRONKITE) -.. - Get us outta here! WALTER CRONKITE (voice over).. after that sudden horrible fire on the launch pad during a routine test that killed American astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee, there were serious doubts that we could beat the Russians to the Moon. But tonight a mere eighteen months after the tragedy of Apollo 1, the entire world watched in awe as Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landing on the Moon. [Here is how the movie departs from the actual mission: The fatal launch pad fire occurred on January 27, 1967, and the Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. Both dates are displayed correctly onscreen, yet Walter Cronkite's opening narration says only 18 months elapsed between them. ] EXT. HOUSTON SUBRUBAN STREET - NIGHT JIM LOVELL is driving his red Corvette next to him in the front seat sits a box. departs from the actual mission: Jim Lovell's Corvette was actually blue. ] JULY 20, 1969 - HOUSTON, TEXAS WALTER CRONKITE (on TV) - A big good news came just a moment ago. Mission Control gave the spacecraft permission to go for the extravehicular activity, that is for the walk on the Moon far earlier than anticipated - 9 p. m. Eastern daylight time... INT. LOVELL HOME - LIVING ROOM - NIGHT An Apollo-11 moon landing party is going on inside the Lovell home. JACK SWIGERT -.. the important thing when you're penetrating the lunar module is your attitude and your relative speed. Now let's say this is me here in the command module and this is you... TRACEY - All right. -.. the LM. This thing sticks out here in front; that's called a probe. - Is that true? - Absolutely. And, Tracey, I'll tell you, when you feel that thing slide in, everything's clickin'. It's like no other feeling in the world. The entrance door opens and PETE CONRAD and JIM LOVELL step in, JIM LOVELL is carrying a carton of Champagne under one arm. departs from the actual mission: Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise were all in the MOCR during the Apollo 11 moon landing. ] PETE CONRAD - A little liquid propulsion! JIM LOVELL - What's the big occasion?! - Hey, How's it going over there at Mission Control? - It's a nervous time, they're pacing around, smoking like chimneys, Gene Kranz is gonna have puppies. (turning to Tracey) Jim Lovell. - Hi. - This is Tracey. - How do you do, Tracey? - This... This is the man. Gemini 7. Gemini 12. Apollo 8. They... - Stop it, Swigert. -... were the first ones around the Moon. This guy did 10 laps. - With one hand on the wheel. You, guys, make yourselves at home. Hey, Marilyn! JIM LOVELL makes his way through the guests and to the kitchen. MARILYN LOVELL - Jim, where have you been? - This is the last Champagne in the city of Houston! - Very good. Good, good. - Everything else all right? - Everything's on course! - Looks okay... Hey, Cadet Lovell! JAY LOVELL - Hey, Dad! - Put this on ice in the back with the rest and make sure it gets cold. You gonna get a haircut this summer? - I'm on vacation. - Oooh, get a haircut. ["NIGHT TRAIN" performed by James Brown plays in the background] WOMAN (in background) - Well, hello there. INT. LOVELL HOUSE - DEN KEN MATTINGLY and FRED HAISE are looking at a number of awards and pictures hung on the walls of the den of Apollo-8's mission. KEN MATTINGLY - I wouldn't mind being up there tonight. FRED HAISE - God, who wouldn't? Don't worry. Our day's coming. They're not gonna cut the program before number fourteen. - You know, my cousin called... - Uh-Huh. -... asked who we'd bribed to get on Jim Lovell's crew. - Yeah? - I just told him: "They wanted to make sure he got the best! " - Well, they got that right. INT. LOVELL HOUSE - LIVING ROOM The guests begin to gather around the color television in the living room. JOHN YOUNG - What network do we want? EVERYBODY - Walter! Come on, put on Walter! Jules Bergman! John. John, turn it up! Turn it up -.. completed putting on their spacesuits and the boots, and they're now donning their... Everybody has turned their attention to the news telecast, except PETE CONRAD who stands up in front of the TV and begins to address the partygoers. - Everybody! I... I really appreciate you all coming to this dress rehearsal party for my Apollo 12 landing! - Sit down, Conrad! - Ah, I think we should all take a moment to... to recognize the exemplary... near, heroic effort displayed by Neil Armstrong's back-up for this historic moon walk, and, of course, his crew... Let's hear for... let's hear for Jim Lovell, Ken Mattingly and Fred Haise! The room fills with cheers and applause. - There he is! There he is! Everybody quiet down! There he is! There he is! - Hey! Kids! The room quites down as everybody is focused on the fuzzy black-and-white TV image of the LM's ladder. BUZZ ALDRIN (on TV) - You got a good picture, huh? - Okay. Will you verify the position - the opening - I ought to have on the camera? NEIL ARMSTRONG (on TV) - What? CONRAD tries to break the tension. - Jim, do you think it's too late for him to abort? - No, no. He still has time to get out. He just needs somebody to wave him off. JIM LOVELL and PETE CONRAD - Pull up now Neil! Pull up now! Pull up! - Shhh! The room quiets down as their attention is once again focused on the TV images. JIM LOVELL is watching intensely as he imagines what it must be like to step on the lunar surface. The only sound that can be heard is that which is coming from the television. BRUCE McCANDLESS (CAPCOM for APOLLO 11) (on TV) - Okay, Neil, we can see you coming down the ladder now. - Okay. - Boy, look at those pictures. Wow! - I'm at the foot of the ladder. The LM footpads are only depressed in the surface about one or two inches. It's almost like a powder. - Armstrong is on the Moon. Neil Armstrong... -... I'm gonna step off the LM now... -... 38 year-old American, standing on the surface of the Moon, on this July 20th, nineteen-hundred and sixty-nine. - That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. - His quote was:... - I only go in a small fraction of an inch, maybe an eighth of an inch, but I can see... WALTER CRONKITE (over ARMSTRONG on TV) -... "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind! " EXT. LOVELL HOUSE - BACK YARD - NIGHT Looking up at the Moon, JIM LOVELL tries blocking the Moon with his thumb, which entirely covers the Moon. departs from the actual mission: The night of the Apollo 11 landing the moon was actually a waning crescent. And the moon set at 11:54 pm CDT Houston time, before the moonwalk was completed. So Lovell's scene where he holds his thumb up had to happen well before the moonwalk. ] ["BEYOND THE SEA'" performed by Bobby Darin plays in the background] MARILYN LOVELL state's the obvious. - You're drunk, Lovell. - Yeah, I'm not used to the Champagne. - Me neither. I can't deal with cleaning up. Let's sell the house. - All right. Let's sell the house. They're back inside now, looking up at us. Ain't that something? - I bet Jenny Armstrong doesn't get a wink of sleep tonight. Ah, when you were on the far side on Eight, I didn't sleep at all. I just vacuumed over and over again. - Christopher Columbus, Charles Lindbergh and Neil Armstrong. Neil Armstrong. From now on we'll live in the world when man has walked on the Moon. It's not a miracle. We just decided to go. Apollo 8 - we were so close. Just sixty nautical miles down and... Mmm. It was like just step out, and walk on the face of it. I wanna go back there. - Where's my mountain? ["GROOVIN'" performed by The Young Rascals plays in the background] - Well, it... It's right up by the... you see, okay... you see the... where the shadow crosses the white area there? That's the Sea Tranquillity. And your mountain's right there on the edge of that. Your mountain. Your mountain, Marilyn. Mountain Marilyn. - I don't see it. - Well, you gotta look harder... you look... While, I... MARILYN LOVELL is sitting in a lounge as JIM LOVELL starts to kiss her on her neck. - Jim... Jim... EXT. VEHICLE ASSEMBLY BUILDING - DAY The camera flies over the top of the VAB and stops on the open hangar door with a partially stacked Saturn booster sitting on the MLP. TITLE:VEHICLE ASSEMBLY BUILDING - CAPE KENNEDY, FLORDIA - OCTOBER 30, 1969 departs from the actual mission: The VAB was known as the Vertical Assembly Building until the Space Shuttle era when it became the Vehicle Assembly Building. ] - The astronaut is only the most visible member of a very large team. And all of us, right down to the guys sweeping the floor are honored to be a part of it. What did the man say? - "Give me a lever long enough, and I'll move the world". Well, that's exactly what we're doing here. This is divine inspiration, folks. It's the best part of each one of us to believe that anything is possible. Things like a computer that can fit into a single room and hold millions of pieces of information. Or the Saturn V rocket. This is the actual launch vehicle that will be taking Alan Shepard and his crew on the first leg of the Apollo 13 mission. INT. VEHICLE ASSEMBLY BUILDING - CAT WALK - DAY Standing on a cat walk at the SLA level, JIM LOVELL is conducting a tour of the VAB for a group of assorted VIPs. CONGRESSMAN - When are you going up again, Jim? - I'm slated to be the commander of Apollo 14 sometime late next year. - If there is an Apollo 14... Now, Jim, people in my state have been asking why we're continuing to fund this program - now that we've beaten the Russians to the Moon. - Imagine if Christopher Columbus had come back from the new world and no one returned in his footsteps. VOICE ON PA SYSTEM - Attention, all personnel! Clear level three. Clear level three. A part of the CSM is lowered into position on top of the SLA as the Saturn-V is being stacked in the VAB as the tour watches. departs from the actual mission: The mating of the Saturn stages in the VAB happens much too fast. ] - Are there any other questions? WOMEN ON TOUR - How do you go to the bathroom in space? - Well, I'll tell you. It's a highly technical process of cranking down the window and looking for a gas station which is... Oh, there's Deke Slayton. Deke, you might be able to answer this lady's question better than I. Deke is one of the original Mercury 7 astronauts, Ladies and Gentlemen. And now he's our boss. He hands out the astronauts' flight assignments, so naturally we kick back part of our salaries to Deke every month. How much this month, Deke? DEKE SLAYTON - Jim, can I have a minute? Something's come up. - Sure, you bet... Henry. INT. LOVELL HOME - DAY The front door swings open as an excited JIM LOVELL searches the house for someone to share the good news with. - Hey! Anybody home?! ["SOMEBODY TO LOVE" performed by Jefferson Airplane plays from the stereo in Barbara's room] A discussion is going on in BARBARA's room between MARILYN and BARBARA LOVELL over holloween costumes. MARILYN LOVELL (off camera) - Definitely not! BARBARA LOVELL - I'm not being a cheerleader, mom!. You don't understand, I worked so hard on this! - Barbara! Maybe, I don't understand, but you are not wearing that out in this neighborhood! That's the end of this. I don't wanna hear it! Now SUSAN LOVELL decides to join the discussion. SUSAN LOVELL - She's not even wearing a bra. You can see everything! - Shut up! - Susan! - Hey, everybody! - Jim! - Marilyn. Trick or treat. You know that Easter vacation trip we had planned for Acapulco? - Uh-oh. - I was thinking, there might be a slight change in destination. - Really? - Maybe, say... the Moon... Al Shepard's ear infection has flared up. And we've all been bumped up to the prime crew of Apollo 13. Straight to the head of the line and the Fra Mauro highlands. departs from the actual mission: The actual reason for assigning Al Shephard to Apollo 14 instead of Apollo 13 was not his inner ear, but his lack of training, combined with the relatively short time until launch. Flying Shephard on a later flight would give his crew more time to train. ] - Six months. You're moving up six months? - Dad! Can I please wear this? - Sure! - No! No! Absolutely not! - This stinks! - They are not rushing things, are they? I mean, you're gonna be ready in six months? - We'll be ready. Oh, hell, I wouldn't want to be around Al Shepard tonight. I gotta get over there. We're gonna have to get up the speed on this. - Go, go! - I'm gonna walk on the Moon, Marilyn. - I know. I can't believe it. And, naturally, it's thirteen. Why thirteen? - It comes after twelve, Hon. INT. MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER - COMMAND MODULE SIMULATOR TITLE:MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER - HOUSTON, TEXAS - 3 MONTHS PRIOR TO LAUNCH TECHNICIAN - Apollo 13, you are go for pyro arm and docking. All systems are nominal and on the line. JIM, KEN and FRED are in the CM simulator working on the LM docking procedures. - Okay. S-IVB is stable. SLA (SM/LM Adapter) panels are drifting free. The drogue is clear. The docking target is clear. - Okay, I'm coming up on that now. Two, one, mark. - Seventy-five feet. We're coming up on docking. Out at the sim console technicians are providing some problems for the crew to work. - Let's shut down some thruster on 'em. TECHNICIAN 2 - Let's see what he does with this one. Back inside the CM simulator KEN notices something is wrong. - Whoa. Wait a minute. I lost something here. I can't translate up. - Houston. We are drifting down and away. - Wanna just back off and make another run at this. - No. I got it. Let me... I'm just trying to get it stable here. - Houston. I'm gonna reset the high gain. (high-gain antenna) - I've got the target back in the reticle. Okay. We're stable. Go ahead and recycle the valves. - Forty feet... - They're all gray. -... Twenty... - Easy. - Ten feet... - Captured. - That's it... Ha! That's it. - Wooo! Sweet move, Ken. Beautiful. Beautiful. - Gentlemen that was the way we do that. - Oh, man. That woke me up. 13's primary crew is making their way down the steps from the CM simulator as 13's back-up crew, consisting of JOHN YOUNG, KEN MATTINGLY, and CHARLIE DUKE, wait to enter the CM simulator. - Apollo 13 back-up crew. You're up in the simulator. - Nice job, Jim. - That's 3 hours of boredom followed by seven seconds of sheer terror. NASA DIRECTOR - Good job, guys. You just won the Christmas turkey. FRED HAISE (to SIM TECH) - Nice try, Frank. You really outfoxed them, brother. - Yeah, but it wasn't perfect. Used up too much fuel. - Aw, you're above the curve. - Not by much. Listen, guys. I wanna work it again. - Hey, we gotta be up with the dawn patrol headed for Bethpage, what, 07:00. - Wheels up at 07:00. - Yeah, I know. But my rate of turn is still a little too slow there, I really think we should work it again. - Well, let's get it right. - Okay. Set it up again, Frank. - Okay, thirteen back-up crew. It'll have to wait. Prime crew's up for another run. - Yeah, baby. INT. COMMAND MODULE - SPACE The crew in their space suits are in their couches checking out the CM systems. CAPCOM - Apollo 13 we show S-IVB shut down, and all systems are nominal. Fred, set the S-band (a frequency band used in radar) Omni (omni directional antenna) to B and when you get in the LM to forward. - Good shape over here. [Caution and Warning Alarm Sounds] - Hey, we got a problem. O2 (Oxygen) flow high, cabin pressure, high. - I've got no suit pressure. - Ken, get your helmet on! KEN begins to struggle with his helmet. - I can't get it locked. - Okay, we got a master alarm! The glass on the indicators begin to break and float in the CM. - Oh, God!... Help! The CM's hatch is forced opened by the increased pressure build-up in the cabin. Paper and other debris rush out through the open hatchway. A blue hose connected to one of the astronaut's space suits comes undone. JIM LOVELL is hanging from the hand hold in the open hatch as oxygen continues to rush past him and out into the vacuum of space. Suddenly a support inside the CM breaks loose and flies through the hatch knocking JIM LOVELL out into space. JIM is tumbling helplessly end over end as he is separating from the CM at a very high rate. INT. LOVELL HOME - BEDROOM - MORNING [wakes from dream] INT. LOVELL HOME - JEFFERY'S ROOM - MORNING As JIM LOVELL sits at the kitchen table across from JEFFERY, MARILYN watches and listens from the doorway as JIM tries to explain his upcoming mission and the Apollo-1 fire to JEFFERY. TITLE:MARCH 23, 1970 - 3 WEEKS PRIOR TO LAUNCH -... Something bad might happen. Stars will fall down on you or something. JEFFREY LOVELL - That's silly. Stars can't fall on us. - Oh, you are a smarter kid than I was. - How long will it take you to get to the Moon? - Four days... But that's pretty fast, you see. This is the Saturn IVB booster, and it shoots us away from the Earth - pshhh... It's fast, as a bullet from a gun. Until the Moon's gravity actually grabs us and pulls us into a circle around the Moon, which is called an orbit. All right? Fred and I float down the tunnel into this guy - the lunar module. This is a spidery-looking guy. Only holds two people. And it's just for landing on the Moon. And I take the controls, and I steer it around, and I fly it down, adjusting it here, the attitude there, pitch, roll, for a nice soft landing on the Moon. Better than Neil Armstrong. Way better than Pete Conrad. - Dad... Did you know the astronauts in the fire? - Yeah, yeah I did. I knew the astronauts in the fire, all of 'em. - Could that happen again? - Well, I'll tell something about that fire. Um... A lota things went door; it's called a hatch. They couldn't get it open when they needed to get out. That was one thing... And a... Well, a lot of things went wrong in that fire. - Did they fix it? - Oh, yes. Absolutely. We fixed it. It's not a problem anymore. INT. JIM'S CORVETTE - NIGHT JIM and MARILYN are on their way to one of the many "press-the-flesh" functions that all the astronauts do from time to time. - I can't believe they still have you doing public appearances. - Well, Henry Hurt was all over me. - I know, but... - I couldn't get away. MARILYN LOVELL (cont'd) -... with the training schedule this tight. They shouldn't be asking you. - It's the program, Marilyn. It's... you know, it's NASA. [They stop at a red traffic light and a car pulls up along side. ] ["I CAN SEE FOR MILES" performed by The Who plays from radio in adjacent car] GUY IN CAR - Hey! Hey, you're Jim Lovell, aren't you? Ha, ha! Hey, lucky thirteen! Right on! JIM acknowledges the driver with a smile. As the light turns green the adjacent car revs it's engine and peels out. Just as JIM is accelerating from the stop his car knocks and stalls. ] - Second time it's done that. [restarts car] - So I was looking at the kids' school schedule coming up. - It's a very busy week. I'm thinking about not going to the launch. - Huh! - The kids need me at home, honey. - Marilyn. We've had these kids for a while now. They've never kept you from coming to the other launches. - Yes, but now we have your mother. She's just had this stroke, and doing... - Oh, Mom's fine. - Honey, it's not like I've never been to a launch before. The other wives' have not done three. I just don't think I can go through all that... I'll just be glad when this one is over. - Well, you're gonna miss a hell of a show. INT. AIRCRAFT HANGAR - DAY JIM is walking out of the hangar towards his plane that he will fly to KSC for the launch. PILOT - Hey, guys. - Take care. - See ya in a few weeks. - Bring us back a moonrock. EXT. LOVELL HOME - BACKYARD - DAY MARILYN getting ready to do some gardening in the yard as she hears a jet plane approaching and looks up to see it fly overhead. INT. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER - PRESS ROOM TITLE:APRIL 7, 1970 - CAPE KENNEDY, FLORDIA - 4 DAYS PRIOR TO LAUNCH JIM, KEN, and FRED are in their space suits having their photo taken. They are standing in front of a large group of reporters trying to answer some questions about the upcoming REPORTER - So the number thirteen doesn't bother you? - Only if it's a Friday, Phil. - Apollo Thirteen, lifting off at thirteen hundred hours and thirteen minutes and entering the Moon's gravity on April thirteen. - Uh... Ken Mattingly has been doing some scientific experiments regarding that very phenomenon, haven't you? - Huh, Uh yes. Well I had a black cat walk over a broken mirror under the lunar module ladder, it didn't seem to be a problem. - And we'd also considered a really helpful letter we got from a fellow that said we oughta take a pig up with us for good luck. REPORTER 2 - Does it bother you that the public regards this flight as routine? - There's nothing routine about flying to the Moon. I can vouch for that. And I think that an astronaut's last mission, his final flight... well, that's... that's always gonna be very special. REPORTER 3 - Why is this your last, Jim? - I'm in command of the best ship with the best crew that anybody could ask for. And I'll be walking in a place where there's four hundred degrees difference between sunlight and shadow. I can't imagine ever topping that. EXT. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER - CRAWLER WAY - DAY TITLE:APRIL 9, 1970 - 2 DAYS PRIOR TO JIM and WALTER are walking along side the crawler that is transporting the Saturn-V to the launch pad. departs from the actual mission: The crawler transporter which carries a Saturn V out to the launch pad is very noisy - it's rather difficult to even think about having a conversation while it's going by. More important the Saturn V is rolled out to the launch pad a couple of months in advance, not two days before launch. ] WALTER - We have that scheduled for 09:00 hours tomorrow. - That's not gonna work, Walter. - Why? - Freddo and I are gonna be going over the lunar surface experiments tomorrow and Ken's gonna be back in the simulator. We're gonna be going over the flight plan tonight as well. (to crawler worker) I'm gonna pay a visit to this beautiful machine after you hard down. CRAWLER WORKER - Thanks. A car pulls up along side the crawler. DEKE SLAYTON and DR. CHUCK get out of the car and approach JIM. - Jim! We've got a problem! DR. CHUCK (FLIGHT SURGEON) - We just got some blood work back in the lab. Charlie Duke has the measles. - So we need a new back-up. - You've all been exposed to it. - Well, I've had the measles. - Ken Mattingly hasn't. INT. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER - NASA DIRECTOR'S OFFICE JIM is pleading his case before everyone in the office and he isn't winning anyone over to his side. - You wanna break up my crew two days before the launch. When we can predict each other's moves, we can read the tone of each other's voices. - Ken Mattingly will be getting seriously ill precisely when you and Haise will be ascending from the lunar surface to rendezvous with him. - Jim, that's a lousy time for a fever! - Now. Now look! Jack Swigert has been out of the loop for weeks! - He's fully qualified to fly this mission. - He's a fine pilot! But when was the last time he was in the simulator?! - I'm sorry, Jim. I understand how you feel. Now we can do one of two things here. We can either scrub Mattingly, go Swigert. Or we can bump all three of you to a later mission. - I've trained for the Fra Mauro highlands... and this is Flight Surgeon horseshit, Deke! - Jim, if you hold out for Ken, you will not be on Apollo 13. Your decision. INT. SWIGERTS HOUSE - BATHROOM - DAY The water is running in the shower as JACK and his GUEST are uh, "showering". [telephone rings] ["MAGIC CARPET RIDE" performed by Steppenwolf plays in the background] - Oh, let it ring. - I gotta take that. - Oh why? - Because I'm on the back-up crew. The back-up crew has to set up the guest list and book the hotel room... (into telephone handset) Swigert... Yeah... Yes... Yes, Sir... I... I understand... Thank you, Sir... (hangs up telephone) (brief pause) AAAAY-HOOO! INT. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER - WHITE ROOM JIM, KEN, and FRED sit on folding chairs in the simulator white room and JIM tries to explain the situation to KEN. departs from the actual mission: The NASA worm logo appears on a door - six years before it was designed. ] - Well, I a... Damn. Medical guys. I had the feeling when they started doing all the blood tests that... I mean, I know it's their ass if I get sick up there but I mean... Jesus!... Oh, boy... Swigert., he'll... he'll be fine. He's... he's strong... It'll be a hell of a mission. One for the books... You're sure about this, Jim? I mean, why don't I go upstairs and talk to Deke? I'm sure we can work this out. - This was my call. - Must've been a tough one... Look, I don't have the measles. I'm not gonna get the measles. [KEN MATTINGLY storms out of the room] - Ken, Wait up! INT. COMMAND MODULE SIMULATOR JIM, JACK, and FRED are lying in their couches in the CM simulator as they run though the procedure for entry. - Trajectory's holding steady. We're right on the line. - Okay, we're into program-64 (Approach Phase program, P-64). We're at 05 G's. So we're feeling that gravity now. - Houston, we are at four hundred thousand feet passing entry interface. PA ANNOUNCER - About to loose signal. Re-entry data are nominal and we have radio blackout. - Okay... What's the story here?... I got a corridor light, we're coming in too shallow. I'm going manual... - Houston, switching to SCS (Stabilization and Control System). SIM TECHNICIAN - Roger, Thirteen. - Ok, we're three G's... Five G's... We're coming in too steep. I'm gonna stay in this roll, see if I can pull us out of it. We're eight G's... Nine... Ten... We're at twelve G's. - Twelve G's. We're burning up. - Damn it! - I gave him a false indicator light right at entry interface. Even Mattingly didn't get it the first time. - How ya feelin', Freddo? - Charbroiled. - So what happened? - Came in too steep. We're dead. - No shit. - Yeah, yeah. We were into program-67 there, so... Okay, guys, we're gonna do this again obviously but give us a minute to get our switches reset in here. - Jim, could we have a word? - Sure, Deke. - We're gonna drop off line and debrief with one of our... - So? - Well... If I had a dollar for every time they killed me in this thing I... I wouldn't have to work for you, Deke... Well, we have two days. We'll be ready. (to SIM TECH) Let's do it again. DEKE SLAYTON (to SIM TECH) - Do it again. EXT. LAUNCH COMPLEX - NIGHT TITLE:APRIL 10, 1970 - NIGHT BEFORE This is the last chance the astronauts will have to talk to their families before launch, it takes place on the road leading to PAD-39a with the astronauts and NASA technicians on one side of the road and their families on the other side. FRED JR, and STEPHEN HAISE - Mom, there he is! FRED JR and STEPHEN make a mad dash towards their father. MARY HAISE - Oh, Margaret get them! Fred, Stephen, come here. - Daddy! One of the NASA technicians catches them and keeps them from getting across the road. - We can't go across that road! We don't want Daddy to get any of our germs and get sick in outer space, right? - Hey, boys! - Hey, Daddy! - Not givin' your mom a hard time, are ya? - No, Sir! - (to MARY) Princess, you look beautiful! WOMAN (off camera) - Jack! - Well, hey, that looks like Marilyn Lovell. But it can't be. She's not coming to the launch. - I heard there was gonna be a hell of a show. - Who told you that? - Some guy I know. - You can't live without me. PAD TECHNICIAN - Okay, folks. Let's say good night. VOICES - Good night! - We got a big day tomorrow for these guys. - You heard about Ken? - Yeah. JIM blows MARILYN a kiss from across the road. TITLE:APRIL 11, 1970 - CAPE KENNEDY, FLORDIA The big day has finally arrived. JIM, JACK, and FRED are getting suited up in the white room. WHITE ROOM TECH - One, Two. Stand back, please. - Ah, Guenter Wendt! [with heavy German accent] I wonder where Guenter went! GUENTER WENDT - Jim... Ha, ha... You walk on ze Moon eh?. - Ja, ja. We'll walk, and we talk on ze Moon. - How do you feel? Pretty good? - Good. Might be a little warmer in here, huh? - How are you today? - Good. - Ready? INT. SAFARI INN HOTEL - MARILYN'S ROOM - SHOWER MARILYN LOVELL (in shower) - Oh, oh, oh. Jeez!, Oh. [as ring goes down drain] Oh, God! No! Back in the white room with the astronauts everything seems to be going as advertised. -... I'm gonna check off this list.. WHITE ROOM TECH 2 - Okay, Roger. - Okay, we have the oxygen purge system. - Check. - We have the helmet restraint ring. - Okay. tivated. - Communication umbilical on. Okay. - Fred. - Gum. - Aw, sorry. [spits gum in tech's hand] Thanks. - I'm gonna give these guys a beautiful ride. - Sure you will, Jack. - You need more air? EXT. VIP VIEWING SITE - DAY - You want some apple? - Marilyn, hey! - Mary. - I hate this already. MARILYN comments on the fact that MARY is *very* pregnant. - You're not just about to pop, are you? - No, I got thirty days till this blast-off. MISSION COTROL - HOUSTON, TEXAS MOCR OFFICER (with package) - This is for Gene. JERRY (FIDO - WHITE) - Mrs. Kranz has pulled out the old needle and thread again. GUIDANCE - WHITE - Last one looked like he bought it off a Gypsy. - Well you can't argue with tradition. GENE KRANTZ (FLIGHT DIRECTOR - WHITE) - Copy that. MOCR OFFICER - This is from your wife, Gene. - Thank you, Tom. I was startin' to get worried. (opens the box and looks at the contents) There we go. GENE removes a white vest from the box. MOCR OFFICER (off camera) - I like it. - I like that one, Gene. - Sharp, Gene. INT. COMMAND MODULE - Jim, you're all set. INT. MISSION OPERATIONS CONTROL ROOM GENE KRANTZ dons white vest and buttons it up. [Applause and whistles from everyone in the MOCR. ] ANDY (CAPCOM - WHITE) - Very Sharp. [APPLAUSE] - Hey, Gene! I guess we can go now! - Save it for splashdown guys. FD LOOP - EECOM, you got everything you need? - Apollo 13 Flight Controllers. Listen up! Give me a go/no-go for launch... Booster! BOOSTER - WHITE - Go! - RETRO! (Retrofire Officer) RETRO - WHITE - FIDO! (Flight Dynamics Officer) - We're go, Flight! - Guidance! - Guidance go! - Surgeon! SURGEON - WHITE - Go, Flight. - EECOM! (Command Service Module Electrical and Environmental Engineer) SY LIEBERGOT (EECOM - WHITE) - GNC! (Guidance, Navigation & Control) GNC - WHITE - We're go! - TELMU! (Telemetry) TELMU - WHITE - Control! (EECOM's counterpart for Lunar Module systems) CONTROL - WHITE - Go, Flight! - Procedures! PROCEDURES - WHITE - INCO! (Instrumentation and Communications Officer) INCO - WHITE - FAO! (Flight Activities Officer) FAO - WHITE - We are go! - Network! NETWORK - WHITE - Recovery! RECOVERY - WHITE - CAPCOM! (Capsule Communicator) - Launch Control, this is Houston. We are go for launch! TITLE:LAUNCH CONTROL CENTER - CAPE KENNEDY, FLORDIA LAUNCH CONTROLER - Roger that, Houston! Pad Leader. What's your status? departs from the actual mission: The Saturn V is painted to match the early test configurations, not the actual Apollo 13 vehicle. The early Saturn V first stage had a large black band which made the interior unbearably hot for technicians working inside. So later versions don't have that band. ] KSC PAO (heard at VIP viewing area) - We are go for launch. T-Minus sixty seconds and counting. - Stand by. - Fuel pumps. This is it. A few bumps and we're haulin' the mail. GUIDO - WHITE - Control, this is guidance. We're ready for takeoff. - We are go for launch. T-minus. KSC PAO - 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6. Ignition sequence starts. 3, 2, 1. Ignition. departs from the actual mission: The launch of the Saturn V is a wonderfully artistic depiction, but has many mistakes. The Saturn V's engines actually ignite several seconds before zero. The build-up permits them to be checked out and if there's a problem the engines can be shut off. The gantry arms which include electrical umbilicals and propellant lines all separate at the same time on the actual vehicle. ] - The clock is running! - We have lift-off! - Houston, we have cleared the tower at 13:13. - Okay, guys! We got it! - Come on, baby. Come on. departs from the actual mission: Ken Mattingly's view of the Saturn V on the pad shows the wrong side of the rocket, from his location. And he'd be fried crispy, or at least have serious hearing damage if he was that close to the launch! Actually Ken Mattingly was back in Houston as part of the mission support team by the time the Apollo 13 launch took place. ] - Altitude is on the line! Velocity right on the line! - Roll complete. We are pitching! - Thirteen. Stand by for (abort) mode 1 bravo. - FIDO, how we looking? - Looks good, Flight, right down in the middle. - We see your BPC (Boost Protective Cover) is cleared, Thirteen. departs from the actual mission: Houston confirms that the BPC (Boost Protective Cover) is cleared before it is shown being jettisoned by Lovell. ] - Roger. EDS (Emergency Detection System) to 'manual'. Inboard. (staging) Get ready for a little jolt, fellas. - That was some little jolt? departs from the actual mission: The slam-bang impact at the end of the first stage burn was completely unexpected, not routine as portrayed. Small retrorockets atop the first stage should have fired immediately after separation to slow the spent stage down. Instead they fired one second before separation. ] - Tower jett! - Houston, this is Thirteen. We got a center engine cut off, go on the other four! departs from the actual mission: When the center engine cuts out the number 5 engine light flashes. These lights do not flash. They are on or off. ] - Roger that, Thirteen. We show the same. - Booster, can you confirm that center engine cut off? - Roger that, Flight. Looks like we've lost it. - FIDO, what's that gonna do to us? - Stand by, Flight. - I need to know if the IU's (Instrument Unit) correcting for the number five shut down. - Houston, what's the story on Engine 5? - Guidance is good. - Looks good, we're still go! We'll be all right as long as we don't lose another one. - Thirteen, we're not sure why the inboard was out early, but the other engines are go, so we're just gonna burn those remaining engines for a little bit longer. - Our gimbals are good. Our trim is good. (to CREW) Look's like we just had our glitch for this mission. - Thirteen, stand by for staging. INCO - WHITE (off camera) - S-II shut down. Ignition. Thrust looks good, Flight. - Flight. S-IVB cut off in ten seconds. CAPCOM - WHITE - Thirteen, this is Houston. The predicted cut-off is twelve plus three four. Over. - Coming up on twelve minutes thirty four. And... - SECO! (Sustainer Engine Cutoff) - Shut down. - And that, gentlemen, is how we do that! - Oh, boy. I hope I can sleep. MARGARET HAISE - Mom, that was loud! - Here, hold my hand. - I can't believe you did this four times. - The worst part is over. - It is? - Listen. This doesn't stop for me until he lands on that aircraft carrier. - You just look so calm about it. - Well if the flight surgeon had to okay me for this mission I'd be grounded. REPORTERS - Mrs. Lovell! Mrs. Haise! Please, wait a minute! Can we just have a word with you, please?! Can I take a photograph? MARILYN LOVELL (confidentially to MARY) - Remember? You're proud, happy and thrilled. - How are you feeling? - We're very proud, and very happy, and we're thrilled. - Flight, Booster, I show S-IVB shutdown. - TLI (Translunar Injection) is on the money. Looks good, Flight. - Roger, FIDO... Okay, guys. We're going to the Moon. departs from the actual mission: A rocket firing its engine to go to the moon is actually on the opposite side of the Earth and parallel to the Earth's surface - not pointed towards the moon as shown in the movie. ] - Flight, we have re-acquisition of signal at Hawaii. - Flight, everything looks good - Can't ask for much better than that. - Okay, Houston. CMP here. I've exchanged the couches with Jim. I'm in the pilot seat. And I'm gonna go ahead and get set for transposition and docking. - Roger that, Jack. [HAISE begins to vomits] - Fred, are you okay? - Okay, everybody. Let's get turned around and pick up the lunar module. - Odyssey, you are go for pryo arm and docking. Repeat. Go for docking. We recommend you secure cabin pressurization. JACK SWIGERT (off camera) - Okay, we're ready for CSM separation. - Okay, SM RCS ISOL valves are all gray. (RCS - Reaction Control System, the steering jet). - Okay, Swigert, Command Module Pilot. She's all yours. - Houston, we've got good separation. - Odyssey, the S-IVB is stable. - Translation looks good. - We confirm that, Thirteen. - Okay, we're gonna start to pitch around to align up with the LM. - You know Freddo, Frank Borman was up chucking (vomiting) most of the way to the moon on Apollo 8. - I'm all right. Just ate too much breakfast. Let's go to work. - And pitching up. Pitch rate - 2. 5 degrees per second. - Roger Jack. We see you pitching around. - Keep an eye on their telemetry. - Swigert can't dock this thing - we don't have a mission. - How's the alignment? - GDC (Gyro Display Coupler) align... Thrusting forward. - One hundred feet. - Watch the alignment now. - Hey, don't worry, guys. I'm on top of it. - Fido, let me know when you're ready. - Okay, let's uplink that. - How we looking, Freddo? - We're not there yet. - Forty feet... Twenty... - Come on, Rookie. Park that thing. - That's it. Talk back is barber poled - Go ahead and retract. - Houston. We have hard dock. - Roger. Understand. Good deal, Jack. - Let's start back up with procedure 17. - Okay, Houston, we have LM extraction. - We copy that, Thirteen. Now you're off to the Fra Mauro highlands. - I gotta get out of this suit. - Houston, we are ready for the beginning of the PTC (Passive Thermal Control) and I think once we're in that Barbecue roll, Jack and I will eat. - Hey, I'm hungry. - Are you sure? - I could eat the ass out of a dead rhinoceros. [handover taking place in the MOCR] EECOM - GOLD - We got a smooth one, huh? - By the numbers so far? We just ran a minimum load test on the cooling system. Let me clean this up for you. - See ya tomorrow. TITLE:DAY 3 - APRIL 13 - Oh, it's too bad we can't demonstrate this on TV. [JIM LOVELL urinates] - What a shame! - Okay, overboard dump coming up. [as the urine is vented into the vacum of space it freezes instantly and creates a snow storm] - Here it comes. The Constellation Urion. - Now, that's a beautiful sight. ["PURPLE HAZE" performed by Jimi Hendrix plays from Barbara's room] - Barbara! Barbara! We are going to your father's broadcast. - No! I'm never coming out! I hate Paul! No one else can ever play another one of their records again. - She's still going on about the stupid Beatles breaking up. - They're not stupid. You're stupid! - Barbara! I know you're worried but... - I'm not going, Mom! Dad won't even know we're there. - The whole world is gonna be watching this broadcast, young lady. And so are we. - Okay, good evening, America! And welcome aboard Apollo 13! I'm Jim Lovell and we're broadcasting to you tonight from an altitude of almost two hundred thousand miles away from the face of the Earth. And we have a pretty good show in store for you tonight. We are going to show you just what our life is like for the three of us... - Susan, Barbara. -... here in the vast expanse of outer space. Okay, one of the first things we'd like to do is provide you with the appropriate background music. So uh, hit it there, Freddo! ["SPIRIT IN THE SKY" performed by Norman Greenbaum plays on tape recorder] - Hello World! - That was supposed to be the theme to 2001 in honor of our Command Module Odyssey, but there seems to have been a last minute change in the program. departs from the actual mission: Lovell's cassette player did actually play the 2001: A Space Odyssey theme "Also Sprach Zarathustra", not "Spirit in the Sky". ] - When I go up there on Nineteen, I'm gonna take my entire collection of Johnny Cash along. HENRY HURT - Hey, Marilyn. - Where's their broadcast? - All the networks dumped us. One of them said we made going to the Moon about as exciting as taking a trip to Pittsburgh. BLANCH LOVELL - My son's supposed to be on. He's in outer space. ORDERLY - These are all the channels we get, Mrs. Lovell. - It's that damn TV guide again. departs from the actual mission: TV Guide actually listed normal programming for that day, though with a warning that it might be preempted. ] ANNOUNCER (on TV commercial) - Ruthless porters. Savage baggage masters... ["LEMONTREE" performed by Trini Lopez plays from CM] - Jack Swigert, our command module pilot has requested... - Do they know they're not on the air? - We'll tell them when they get back. -.. 't ya Jack? - Well uh, if anyone from the IRS is watching, I forgot to file my 1040 return and I meant to do it today but... - That's no joke! They'll jump on him! - Well, folks, let's head on down to the lunar excursion module. Follow me. - Now when we get ready to land on the Moon, Fred Haise and I will float through this access tunnel into the lunar module leaving... - EECOM. That... that stir's gonna be on both H2 and both O2 tanks, is that correct? JIM LOVELL (continues off camera, under KRANTZ) -... Jack Swigert to pilot the command module, but until that time comes both... -... spacecraft will remain connected. Well, folks, as you can probably tell the Aquarius isn't much bigger than a couple of telephone booths. The skin of the LM in some places is only as thick as a couple of layers of tinfoil and that's all what protects us from the vacuum of space. We can get away with this because the LM is designed only for flight in outer space... Fred Haise; Renaissance man. Okay, we'll head back up the tunnel now, and back into the Odyssey... All right, we've returned to the command... [loud BANG in spacecraft] Stand by one, Houston. - Gotcha! Ha, ha! - Houston. The bang you heard was Fred Haise on the cabin repress (re-pressurization) valve. He really gets our hearts going every time with that one... Okay, we're... we're about ready to close out the Aquarius and return to the Odyssey. Our next broadcast will be from Fra Mauro on the surface of the Moon... So, this is the crew of the Apollo 13 wishing everyone back on Earth a... a pleasant evening. FRED HAISE, JR - Daddy was funny. - They might air a few minutes of it on the news tonight. - You'd think so. - Bye. - Well, between Jack's back taxes and the Fred Haise show, I'd say that was a pretty successful broadcast. - That was an excellent show, Odyssey. - Thank you very much, Houston. - We'd got a couple of housekeeping procedures for you, we'd like you to roll right to zero six zero and null your rates. - Roger that. Rolling right, zero six zero. - And if you could give your oxygen tanks a stir. [EXPLOSION] - Hey, we've got a problem here. - What did you do? - Nothing. I stirred the tanks. - Whoa. Hey. - This is Houston. Say again, please. - Houston, we have a problem. We have a main bus B undervolt. We've got a lot of thruster activity here, Houston. - What's the story with the computer now? JIM LOVELL (answers SWIGERT) - It just went off line. JIM LOVELL (to HOUSTON) - Uh, there's another master alarm, Houston! - I'm checking the quads! - Christ, that was no repress valve! - Maybe, it's in Quad C. - We've got a computer restart! - I'm gonna re-configure the RCS! - We've got a ping light. - The way these things are firing it just doesn't make any sense. - We've got multiple caution and warning, Houston... We've got to reset and restart. - All right, I'm going SCS... - Jesus. Flight, their heart rates are skyrocketing. - EECOM. What's your data telling you? - O2 tank 2 not reading at all, tank 1 is at 725 psi and falling. Fuel cells 1 and 3 are... Oh, boy. What's going on here? Flight, let me get back to you. - Flight, GNC. - Go GNC. - Flight. They're all over the place. They keep going close to gimbal lock. - I keep losing radio signal, Flight, their antennae must be flipped around. -... do it manually, if they can do it at all. - One at a time, people! One at a time! One at a time! EECOM, is this an instrumentation problem or are we looking at real power loss here? - It's reading a quadruple failure. That can't happen. It's gotta be instrumentation. - Let's get that hatch buttoned. The LM might have been hit by a meteor. - Yep! FRED HAISE (to LOVELL) - The tunnel's really torquing with all this movement. - Houston, we had a pretty large bang there associated with the master alarm. - Shit, it's main bus A! -... main bus A undervolt? - Houston, we have a main bus A undervolt now, too... It's reading 25 and a half. Main bus B is reading zip right now... We got a wicked shimmy up here. ANDY (CAPCOM - WHITE) (under KRANTZ) - Stand by one. FRED HAISE (under KRANTZ) - (intermittent voice with static) - EECOM, GNC. These guys are talking about bangs and shimmies up there, don't sound like instrumentation to me. - You are breaking up, Thirteen? - Can't get this hatch seal! - Just... - We need you to switch to Omni... - Just stow it. If we'd been hit by a meteor, we'd be dead by now. -... Bravo. - I'm gonna try to get us out of this lurch. - Houston, you're in the mud. Did you say switch to Omni Bravo? - Roger that, Thirteen. - Roger. And the signal strength on the high gain went way down. - It's fighting me. What's the story here, Jack? We keep flirting with gimbal lock! - Odyssey, we need confirmation, what systems do you have down? - Okay, Jim. SM RCS helium 1 - A and C are barber poled. - I'm having a hard time reading you there. Did you say switch to Omni Charlie? - Houston, I'm switching over Quad C to Main A. - Okay, Houston. Fuel cell 1. Fuel cell 3. We got a main bus B undervolt, cryo pressure, suit compressor. What don't we have? AC bus 1, AC bus 2, Command Module computer, and 02 flow high. I... I don't know. Maybe, this is a caution and warning failure. - Houston... We are venting something out into space... I can see it outside of Window 1 right now... It's definitely a... a gas of some sort. JIM LOVELL (to CREW) - It's got to be the oxygen. - Roger, Odyssey. We copy your venting. MOCR ENGINEER - Give me an alignment - Okay let's everybody think of the kind of things we'd be venting. - Okay now, let's start right back at the beginning. - Anything look abnormal on your system? [GARBLED CHATTER AMONG MOCR ENGINEERS] GENE KRANTZ (FLIGHT DIRECTOR - WHITE) (to room at large) - Okay, listen up... Quiet down, people... Quiet down! Quiet down! Let's stay cool, people. Procedures, I need another computer up in the RTCC. (Real Time Computer Complex). I want everybody to alert your support teams. Wake up anybody you need. Get them in here... Let's work the problem, people. Let's not make things worse by guessing. - Thirteen, this is Houston. We are going around the room now. We're gonna get you some answers. - I'll tell you. We keep venting like this, we're gonna keep hitting the edge of that dead band. - Hey, take a look at the O2 on number 1... 200 pounds and falling. - O2 tank 2 still zero. Tank 1; 218 psi and falling. - Is that what you get? Confirm. - We're seeing the same, Thirteen. - Can we review our status here, Sy, let's look at these things from a... from a standpoint of status. What have we got on that spacecraft that's good? - I'll get back to you, Gene. - We're not gonna have power much longer. This ship's bleeding to death. - Flight. - Yeah. Go, EECOM. - Uhm... Flight, I recommend we shut down the reactant valves of the fuel cells. - What the hell good is that gonna do? - If that's where the leak is, we can isolate it. We can isolate it there, we can save what's left in the tanks and we can run on the good cell. - You close 'em, you can't open them again. You can't land on the Moon with one healthy fuel cell. - Gene, the Odyssey is dying. From my chair here, this is the last option. - Yeah, yeah, yeah. Okay, Sy... CAPCOM, let's have them close the reactant valves. - Thirteen, this is Houston. We want you to close reac valves on cells 1 and 3. Do you copy? - Are you saying you want the whole smash? Closing down the reac valves for the fuel cells' shut down? Shutting down the fuel cells. Did I hear you right? - Yeah, they heard me right... Tell them we think that's the only way they can stop the leak. - Yeah, Jim... We think that closing the reac valves may stop the leak. - Did he copy that? - Do you copy, Jim? - Yes, Houston, we copy. - We just lost the Moon... Okay, Freddo, shut those down. - Let's see what this does. - If this doesn't work. We're not gonna have enough power left to get home. - Shit! - God, damn it. - Ah, Houston. O2 on 1 is still falling. - Freddo, how long does it take to power up the LM? - Three hours by the checklist. - We don't have that much time. - Okay, now, Jack. Before the batteries completely die on us in here, let's... let's power down everything so we can save as much as we can for re-entry. - Fifteen minutes oxygen and that's it. The Command Module will be dead. - Okay. Okay, guys! Listen up! Here's the drill! We're moving the astronauts over to the LM, we gotta get some oxygen up there. - Right. - TELMU, Control, I want an emergency power procedure, the essential hardware only!... GNC, EECOM! When we're shutting down the Command Module at the same time they have to transfer the guidance system from one computer to the other, so I want those numbers up and ready when our guys are in position. - Okay, we gotta transfer all control data over to the LM computer before the Command Module dies. NASA DIRECTOR) - The Lunar Module's just become a lifeboat. ANDY (CAPCOM - WHITE)) - Odyssey, this is Houston. We need you to power down immediately, you're gonna have to power up the LM at the same time so you better get somebody over there. - We already have Freddo in the LM, Houston. - We've got serious time pressure here, Jim. You've gotta get the guidance program transferred, you gotta do it before you're out of power in the Command Module. Or you are not gonna be able to navigate up there. - How much time? Can you give me a number? - Well, we're looking at less than fifteen minutes of life support in the Odyssey. - We've got fifteen minutes, Freddo, it's worse than I thought! - Houston, beware I've moved from the Command Module into - Now, if Jack can't get that guidance computer data transferred before they go dead in there... GLYNN LUNNEY (FLIGHT DIRECTOR - GOLD) - They won't even know which way they're pointed. - That's right. - That's a bad way to fly. - I'll be in (room) 210 if you need me. - Houston, this is Thirteen. Are you... are you back with me now? - Aquarius, this is Houston. You now have about twelve minutes to power up. - I can't see any stars. Man, there's a lot of debris floating around out there. - Okay, Houston. I've completed the steps on page 15. Now I'm ready to power down the computer! - I'm gonna need your gimbal angles, Jack! Before you shut down the computer! - Okay, Jim! GNC - WHITE (to CAPCOM) - They read this back to me before they power down. - Those number are... - All right, all right. I got it, I got it. Hold on. - Houston, our computer is up. - Roger that. Stand by for a minute. Now, Jack. We need to proceed from step 12 to 17 quickly... your down to about 8 minutes remaining. - Fuel cell pumps off, O2 fans, tank 2 off. - Okay, Houston. Check me. I have completed these gimbal conversions but... I need a double check of the arithmetic. - Yeah, you can go, Jim. - Okay, the roll CAL (calibration) angle is minus 2. Lunar Module roll is 355. 57. Pitch 1678. Correction, pitch 167. 78. Yaw is 351. 87. - Stand by, we're checking it. - We've got negative visibility in our star field, but if this paperwork isn't right, who knows where we'll... we'll end up out here. - Looks good, Flight. - Good here. - He's good, Andy. - Okay, we're go on those numbers. - You're good, Jim. - Log 'em in, Freddo. - Jack, turn off the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). Switch to SCS. Stand by. Thruster... (Ratty Comm)... Over. DICK CAVETT (on TV) - It's a great day in New York, isn't it? It's girl watchers' weather. CAVETT'S SIDEKICK (on TV) - Oh, yes. - I like those ingenious girl watchers who put on Con Edison helmets and dig trenches in the street... for a better view, but I... Hey, speaking of girl watching, did you know that our first bachelor astronaut is on his way to the moon. Is it Swigert? - Yeah, first bachelor. He's the kind, they say, has a girl in every port. He has that reputation. I think he's sort of foolishly optimistic though, taking nylons and Hersey bars to the moon. Did you read that 3 million... What do you say, less viewers or fewer viewers. 3 million fewer viewers... 3 million fewer viewers watch the space shot then did the last one. I.. Colonel Borman is... departs from the actual mission: Ken Mattingly is shown drinking Budweiser from 16-ounce aluminium cans, which weren't available in 1970. ] ANNOUNCER (on TV) - An ABC news... [MATTINGLY turns off TV] -.. is ABC science editor, Jules Bergman. JULES BERGMAN (on TV) - The Apollo 13 spacecraft has lost all electrical power. And astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise and Jack Swigert are making their way through the tunnels of the Lunar Module using it as a lifeboat, so they'll have electrical power for their radios on the Command Module. Apollo 13 is apparently also losing breathing oxygen... - Slow down. An electrical failure... -.. the astronauts may have to use the LM oxygen supply. -.. exactly does that mean? -.. emergency has ruled out any chance of a lunar landing and could endanger the lives of the astronauts themselves. If the LM's oxygen supply plus whatever is left of the Command Module's oxygen can't last them until they can get back to Earth. - What do you mean there's no immediate danger. I just heard they're losing oxygen. Can they get back? - The LM descent rocket engine will be used in aborting the mission and getting the astronauts safely back to Earth. Recapping what has happened now. The Apollo 13 astronauts may be in grave danger... - No, don't give me that NASA bullshit! I wanna know what's happening with my husband! - (continues under MARILYN) -... we wanna switch control to the Aquarius now. - Roger that! - Houston, wait! - And your down to about 5 minutes now, Jack. - Whoa! The RCS isn't up yet! - Houston, beware! Our RCS isn't up here yet! We have no attitude control on Aquarius! - They don't have control? Did we miss a step here? Control, what the hell happened? - What? I don't know. - We're all out of whack. I'm trying to pitch down, but we're yawing to the left. Why can't I null this out. - She wasn't designed to fly attached like this, our center of gravity with the Command Module. - It's like flying with a dead elephant on our back. - Flight, Guidance. We're getting awfully close to center (gimbal lock) here. - Aquarius, watch that middle gimbal. We don't want you tumbling off into space. - Freddo, inform Houston I'm well aware of goddamn gimbals. - Roger that, Houston. - I don't need to hear the obvious... - Andy, we're on VOX (Voice Activated Comm). JIM LOVELL (cont'd) -... I got the frappin' eight-ball right in front of me. - Aquarius, this is Houston. We've got you both on VOX. - You are what? You want us to go to VOX, Andy? - You have a hot mike, we're reading everything you say. - Sorry, Jim. -... it's only by a very narrow margin that we're going to get Lovell, Haise and Swigert back alive... JANE CONRAD - Marilyn... I'm sorry, Jeffrey's calling for you. -... anyway this has been very close - not so much delineated by the words in the news conference, but I think by the terseness of (Chris) Kraft and the grim lines of Jim McDivit. This has been a very close call, and we're not out of the woods yet, not by a long shot. - Jeffrey. - Why are so many people here? - Oh, well, you know, your Dad's flying his mission. - He said he was going to get me a moonrock. - Right... Well... Something broke in your Daddy's spaceship. And he's gonna have to turn around before he even gets to the Moon. - Was it the door? - Thirteen, Houston. We still show that venting pushing you around. How're you doing? - Houston, Aquarius... We've had to learn how to fly all over again but we are doing better up here now. - Roger that, Aquarius. - Have 'em, close it out. - Jack, we can close out your procedure now. - Now... Do we know for sure that we can power this thing back up?... It's going to get awfully cold in here. - Copy that, Jack. We'll just have to deal with that later. - Computer off. - We're clear. - We're go on the LM. - We confirm shutdown, Jack. Lunar Module now in control. - Roger that, Houston. This is Odyssey. Signing off. - Freddo, we're gonna have to execute some sort of a burn here, it's just a matter of when. JIM LOVELL (to SWIGERT) - Did they shut us all down in there? FRED HAISE (to CREW) - Didn't think we'd be back in here so soon. - Ah, Houston. How far off course do you project we are? Over. - Okay, people! Listen up! I want you all to forget the flight plan! From this moment on we are improvising a new mission... [KRANTZ turns on overhead projector and projector bulb burns out] MOCR ENGINEER (off camera) - Oh, come on! Sorry about that... we'll get somebody to look at that, there's got to be a bulb around here somewhere. - How do we get our people home... (drawing with chalk on blackboard) They are here. We turn around, straight back... - Yes! Gene... -... direct abort. - can't do that... - No, Sir, no, Sir, no, Sir. We get them on a free return's trajectory. It's the option with the fewest question marks for safety. - I agree with Jerry. We use the moon's gravity, slingshot them around. - No, the LM will not support three guys for that amount of time. - It barely holds two. - I mean we've got to do a direct abort. We do it about face. We bring the guys right home right now. - Get them back soon, absolutely. - We don't even know if the Odyssey's engines even working and if there's been serious damage to this spacecraft. - They blow up and they die. - That is not the argument! We're talking about time! Not whether or not these guys... - Hey, hold it. Let's hold it down. Let's hold it down, people. The only engine we've got with enough power for direct abort is the SPS (Service Propulsion System) on the Service Module. What, Lovell has told us it could've been damaged in an explosion, so let's consider that engine dead. We light that thing up, it can blow the whole works. It's just too risky. We're not gonna take that chance. And the only thing the Command Module is good for is the re-entry, so that leaves us with the LM... which means free return trajectory. Once we get the guys around the Moon, we'll fire up the LM's engine, make a long burn, pick up some speed, and get them home as quick as we can. - Gene, I'm wondering what the Grumman guys think about this. GRUMMAN REP - We can't make any guarantees. We designed the LM to land on the Moon, not fire the engine out there for course correction. - Well, unfortunately, we're not landing on the Moon, are we? I don't care what anything was designed to do, I care about what it can do. So, let's get to work. Let's lay it out, okay? - Gene... TITLE:DAY 4 - Capcom, Flight, he says it'll be ready in time. DR. CHUCK (FLIGHT SURGEON) (to CAPCOM) - After this burn, we've gotta build some time in the flight plan for them to get some sleep. CAPCOM - GOLD - Run it by the FAO. - I've run it by the FAO. - Do we know how long we're gonna fire that PC burn? NASA DIRECTOR (talking to SLAYTON & LUNNEY) - He specifically wanted a quote from the Flight Director. - Who wanted a quote? - The President. - The President? - Nixon. He wants odds. - We're not losing the crew. - Gene, I gotta give him odds. Five to one against. Three to one. - I don't think there that good. - We are not losing those men! - Control, how long are they gonna have to burn the engine at PC+2? DEKE SLAYTON (confidentally to NASA DIRECTOR) - Look, tell him. Three to one. - Expect loss of signal in less than one minute. When we pick you back up, we will have your PC+2 burn data. - Okay, roger that, Houston. We'll hear from you again at acquisition of signal. - You wanna look? - Oh, look at that. - Wow. - Aquarius, that's 30 seconds until loss of signal. - Mare Tranquillitatis. Neil and Buzz's old neighborhood. Coming up on Mountain Marilyn. Jim, you gotta take a look at - I've seen it. - Aquarius, this is Houston. Expect loss of signal in approximately ten seconds. - So long Earth. Catch you on the flip side. JACK SWIGERT (on TV pre-flight interview) - When you go into the shadow of the Moon and the Moon is between you and the Sun, there you see stars that are more brilliant than anything you have seen on the clearest nights here on Earth. And then you pass into the lunar sunrise over the lunar surface and... it must an awe-inspiring sight. I can't wait to see it myself. NEWS ANCHOR (on TV) - The problem now is not there's so much question of adequate oxygen supply but it is the rate of consumption of water which is vitally needed for the cooling operations to maintain the electronic systems and so forth. - Look, it's Fra Mauro. I can see our landing site. - Wow. Look at the Tsiolkovsky crater. I can't believe how bright the ejecta blanket is. - It's like snow... It's beautiful... That's Mare Imbrium to the north. departs from the actual mission: The Sea of Tranquility, their landing site, and other features are all on the near side, but they point out these features while they're rounding the far side of the moon. ] - Thirteen, this is Houston. We're reading your telemetry. It's good to see you again. - Good to see you too, Houston. - We're picking you up at a velocity of 7'062 feet per second, at a distance from the Moon of 56 nautical miles. Stand by for your PC+2 burn data. - Gotta tell you, I had an itch to take this baby down though, and do some prospecting. Damn we were close. - Gentlemen, what are your intentions?... I'd like to go home. We got a burn coming up. We're gonna need a contingency if we lose comm with Houston. Freddo, let's... let's get an idea where we stand on the consumables. Jack, get into the Odyssey and bag up all the water you can before it freezes in there... Let's go home. - Aquarius, we've got some PC+2 burn data for you, fellows. - So you're telling me you can only give our guys 45 hours. It brings them to about there... Gentlemen, that's not acceptable. - Gene, Gene. We gotta talk about power here... - Whoa, whoa, guys! The power's everything. Power is everything. - What you mean? - Without it they don't talk to us, they don't correct their trajectory, they don't turn the heatshield around... we gotta turn everything off. Now. They're not gonna make it to re-entry. - What do you mean everything? - With everything on the LM draws 60 amps. At that rate in sixteen hours the batteries are dead, not 45. And so is the crew. We gotta get them down to 12 amps. - Whoa. 12 amps! - How many? - You can't run a vacuum cleaner on 12 amps, John. - We have to turn off the radars, cabin heater, instrument displays, the guidance computer, the whole smash. - Whoa. Guidance computer. What... what if they need to do another burn? Gene, they won't even know which way they're pointed. - The more time we talk down here, the more juice they waste up there. I've been looking at the data for the past hour. - That's the deal? - That's the deal. - Okay, John. The minute we finish the burn, we'll power down the LM. - Now, in the meantime... we're gonna have a frozen command module up there. In a couple of days we're gonna have to power it up using nothing but the re-entry batteries. - Never been tried before. - Hell, we've never even simulated it before, Gene. - Well, we're gonna have to figure it out. I want people in our simulators working re-entry scenarios. I want you guys to find every engineer who designed, every switch, every circuit, every transistor and every light bulb that's up there. Then I want you to talk to the guy in the assembly line who had actually built the thing. Find out how to squeeze every amp out of both of these goddamn machines. I want this mark all the way back to Earth with time to spare. We never lost an American in space. We're sure as hell not gonna lose one on my watch!. Failure is not an option! - Ken... Ken... KEN MATTINGLY (waking from sleep) - What? Uh? - Good you're not dead. I've been trying to get in touch with you for forty five minutes. - John? Jesus, John. What're you doing here? - I gotta get you in the simulators. We got a ship to land. - There's been an explosion, oxygen tanks're gone, two fuel cells're gone, command module's shut down. - What about the crew? - Crew's fine so far, trying to keep 'em alive in the LM. We're gonna have to shut that down pretty soon too. We got a lota people working on numbers on this one, Ken. Nobody's too sure how much power we're gonna have to hit re-entry. The command module's gonna be frozen up pretty good by then. - You see, this ammeter rise over twenty at any point. Power-up is no good. You see it spikes; that's sayonara for the guidance computer, our guys can't re-enter, okay? SIM TECH - How much power do we have to play with? - Barely enough to run this (points to an original MR. COFFEE) coffeepot for 9 hours. departs from the actual mission: Mr. Coffee drip coffee makers didn't exist in 1970. ] SIM TECH 2 (on headset) - John. - Go. - Yeah. Ken Mattingly just got here. - Copy. (to SIM TECH) He's here. - They've been losing heat since the accident. They're gonna start getting a lot of water condensation on the control panels. - Ken... Glad you're here. You know what's going on? - Ah, John's brought me up speed. What do we have left in the batteries? - We don't really know. - We gotta get started on some short cuts for power-up. - Yeah. You know how short? - Well, that's all in the sequences, John. If we can skip whatever we don't absolutely need, and turn things on in the right order, maybe... - I agree. - You start on a procedure? - Well, the engineers have tried but, I mean... it's your ship, we gotta get you in there. - Okay. Frank. I need the sim(ulator) cold and dark. Give me the exact same conditions they've got in there now and I need the present status of every instrument. - You've got it. - I need a flashlight. That's not what they have up there. Don't give me anything they don't have onboard. - Let's get the show on the road. Put him in space, fellas. - Okay, Houston. The Quad heater circuit breakers are open. - We're using the forward Omni when the earth's in the window, and we're switching to aft Omni when we see the moon. - We copy that, Thirteen. Aquarius, we don't want you do make any more waste dumps, the venting may pushing you off course. - Christ. - What's up? - No more waste dumps. We're just gonna have to store it. Jack, we're gonna need some more urine bags. departs from the actual mission: The real reason for the crew to stop urine dumps was to avoid a cloud of droplets around the vehicle which would have confused radar tracking from the ground. However the ground forgot to tell the crew that it was okay to continue urine dumps after the tracking was finished. ] - Okay, Houston. It leaves us with just the computer which I'm shutting down now... And that's it... (to CREW) We just put Sir Isaac Newton in the driver's seat. - Is it A. M. or P. M.? - A. M... very, very A. M. - Haise is running a temperature and none of them have slept since the explosion. - I can't order these guys to go to sleep... could you sleep up there? - It's gonna get awfully cold in there for those guys. - Gene. We have a situation brewing with the carbon dioxide. TELMU - GOLD - We have a CO2 filter problem in the Lunar Module. - Five filters on the LM. - Which were meant for two guys for a day and a half. - That's what I told the Doc. - They're already up to eight on the gauges, anything over 15 and you get impaired judgment, blackouts, the beginnings of brain asphyxia. - What about the scrubbers on the command module? - They take square cartridges. - The ones on the LM are round. - Tell me this isn't a government operation. - This isn't a contingency we're remotely looked at. - Those CO2 levels are gonna be getting toxic. - Well, I suggest you, gentlemen, invent a way to put a square peg in a round hole. Rapidly. - Okay, people. Listen up. The people upstairs handed us this one and we gotta come through. We gotta find a way to make this... fit into the hole for this... using nothing but that. - Let's get it organized. TECHNICIAN 3 - Okay, okay. Let's build a filter. - Better get some coffee going too, someone. departs from the actual mission: Ed Smylie had already designed the basic concept in his head when he arrived at Mission Control. ] - Haise's family lives in El Lago, Texas. His wife, Mary, is from Biloxi, Mississippi. When Fred Haise was growing up in Biloxi, he may have looked ahead to a fine family but he never dreamt of flying. FRED HASIE (on TV pre-flight interview) - I'd never flown really before I went into service and I only went into the flying business as a means to getting a commission. - Good morning. - Henry! Don't you ever sleep? - I... I have a request from the news people. - They're out front here. They wanna put a transmitter up on the lawn. - A transmitter? - It's a kind of a tower for live broadcast. - I thought they didn't care about this mission. They didn't even run Jim's show. - Well, it's more dramatic now. Suddenly people are... - Well if landing on the moon wasn't dramatic enough for them, why should not landing on it be? - Look. I realize how hard this is, Marilyn, but the whole world is caught up in it and it's... the biggest story since... - No, Henry. Those people don't put one piece of equipment on my lawn. If they have a problem with that, they can take it up with my husband. He'll be home... on Friday. TITLE:DAY 5 ["HONKY TONKIN'" performed by Hank Williams plays on tape recorder in LM] - Hey, Fred. It's too cold in there... (sees photo) It's a nice one of Mary... (notices HAISE) You don't look too good, Freddo. - I'll survive. - There's some aspirin in the medical kit. - I took some. Jim, I'm all right... It was an accident, Mary gettin' pregnant. You should have seen the look on my face when she told me. - Well, that has a tendency to happen. - Yeah... I wonder if it's a boy or a girl. - You're gonna find out soon enough. - Sure... I never dreamed that I'd ever get to this something like this - come up here on a real mission. Most of the guys I graduated high school with never even left home... and here I am. - Oh, yeah... Here you are... - It hurts when I urinate. - Well, you're not getting enough water. - I'm drinking my ration, same as you. I think old Swigert gave me the clap. He's been pissin' in my relief tube. - Well... That'll be a hot one at the debriefing for the flight surgeon. That's another first for America's space program. - Listen... Uhm... I've been going over some stuff and I'm a little worried about this cold affecting our battery efficiency. See we quit heating the glycol to save water and power, so that's not helping us any. - So it could cost us amp hours on the back end? - It's a possibility. JACK SWIGERT (interupting HAISE & LOVELL) - I've been going over the numbers again. Have they called up with a re-entry plan yet? Because we're coming in too shallow. - We're working on something, Jack. Just hold on. - All right, all right. - I can't remember the ratio to temperature. We've got no references on board. - Well, let's see if Houston can pull up the mill specs (Millitary Specifications) on it and we'll... JACK SWIGERT (interupting LOVELL) - Listen. Listen. They gave us too much Delta-V. They had us burn too long. At this rate we're gonna skip right out of the atmosphere, and we're never gonna get back. - What're you talking about? How did you figure that? - I can add. - Jack, they've got half of the PH. D's on the planet working on this stuff. - Houston says we're right on the money. - What if they had made a mistake, all right, and there was no way to reverse it. You think they would tell us? There's no reason for them to tell us. - What you mean they're not gonna tell us. That's bullshit! - All right! There are thousand things that have to happen in order we are on number 8, you're talking about number 692. - And in the meantime, I'm trying to tell you we're coming in too fast. I think they know it, and I think that's why we don't have a goddamn re-entry plan. - That's duly noted. Thank you, Jack. [SWIGERT bangs his head on tunnel access] - Ow! God! Damn this piece of shit! - Hey! This piece of shit's gonna get you home - That's because it's the only thing we've got left, Jack! - What're you saying, Fred? - Well, I think you know what I'm saying. - Now wait a minute. All I did was stir those tanks. - What was that gauge reading before you hit the switch. - Hey, don't tell me how to fly the damn CM, all right! - You don't even know, do you?! - They brought me in here to do a job, they asked me to stir the damn tanks and I stirred the tanks! - Jack, stop kicking yourself in the ass. - This is not my fault! - No one is saying it is. If I'm in the left-hand seat when the call comes up, I stir the tanks. - Yeah, Well tell him that. - I just asked you what the gauge was reading. - All right... - And you don't know! - All right, we're not doing this, Gentlemen. We're not gonna do this. We're not gonna go bouncing off the walls for ten minutes. 'Cause we're just gonna end up right back here with the same problems. Try to figure out how to stay alive! - Aquarius, this is Houston. JIM LOVELL (shouts) - Are we on VOX! - No, we're not on VOX! JIM LOVELL (calmly) - Yeah, Houston, this is Aquarius. Go ahead. - Ah, yeah, Jim. Could you check your CO2 gauge for us? - Yeah, Houston. We were just looking at that. Our CO2 measurement has jumped four notches in the last hour. - That can't be right. I went over those numbers three times. - Jim, that sounds about right. We were expecting that. - Well, that's very comforting to know, Houston. What do we do about it? - Jim, we're working on a procedure down here for you... Do you copy? - Oh, Christ. - All right, Houston. We're standing by for those procedures. - Christ, I know why my numbers are wrong. I only figured it for two people. - Maybe I should just hold my breath. NEW ANCHOR (on TV) -... the deadly CO2 gas is literally poisoning the astronauts with every breath... - Heads up. Heads up. - Oh, Go, Go, Go. - Someone get that. - Heads up, people. Look out now. - What's this? - That's what they gotta make. - Well I hope you got the procedures for me. - Right here. - That's it? - All right, Aquarius, this is Houston. do you have the flight plan up there? - Affirmative, Andy. Jack's got one right here. - Okay, we have a... an unusual procedure for you here. We need you to rip the cover off. - He wants you to rip the cover off the flight plan. - With pleasure. - All right, now the other materials you're gonna need there are a lithium hydroxide canister... two lithium hydroxide canisters, I'm sorry. A roll of gray tape. TECHNICIAN (correcting CAPCOM) - Duct tape. - The duct tape. You need an LCG (Liquid-Cooled Garment) bag, two LCG bags, red suit hoses and you've got the flight plan cover. - Excuse me, can you give me a timetable? - What about their level of carbon dioxide? - It's... uh, climbing. - You're saying that they're almost out of breathable air? - No, wait a second. Wait a second. That's... that's not what he said. He said we're working on it. - You wanna cut the duct tape three feet long. - Tell him to use his arm. - Just use your arm. It's a good arms length. - Okay. Houston, I see what you're getting at, hold on. Okay, Jack. Tear that piece of tape down the middle lengthwise. - Alright? - Hold on, Houston. - Well, the astronauts appear to have enough oxygen to keep them alive. One thing they have too much of is carbon dioxide. With each breath that three men exhale more of the poisonous gas into the lunar module cockpit and the scrubbers intended to keep the atmosphere breathable are quickly becoming saturated. - Shit, I tore it. - Shit. - Houston, what do we do if we rip the bag? can we tape it? - They just tore the bag. - Oh, no. - All right, stand by. ANDY (CAPCOM-WHITE) (to TECHNICIAN) - What should I tell them to do? - They should have one more bag. WALTER CRONKITE (on TV) (with WALLY SCHIRRA) - Well, they still got a long way to come and they are now working on their back-up facilities, their emergency facilities and the problem is if anything more goes wrong, they're in real trouble. -... as most of you are aware there is no rescue possible in space flight, any rescue system the space agency has long since calculated, any since... any rescue system the space agency calculated... - One sock. Work it in. - Once you have the sock in place. We're gonna want you to bungee the entire filter assembly to the bulkhead, right above the LM canister. - We getting close to 15. - So how does this flight compare to other emergency situations you faced? - Well, I have to say that this is the most serious situation we've ever encountered in manned space flight. - Houston, filters in place. - Cabin gas return to egress, suit circuit relief to close, CO2 canister select to secondary. All right, here it goes. - I can hear air moving - Just breathe normal, fellas. - Aquarius, please advise on CO2 status. - Yeah, Houston. We're taking a look at those numbers right now... We're still holding close to 15, Houston. - Roger that. Standing by. - Houston. The CO2 level has dropped to 9... and it is still - Yes. Yes. - Great job you guys. - It is good to hear, Aquarius. - And you, sir, are a steely-eyed missile man. - Okay, spacecraft control to computer. - Damn. - Damn... We overloaded. We used way too much power and there must be a sneak circuit some place between steps 7 and 10. - All right. Which one has the leak? - No, not yet, John. It... The sequence was wrong. We just have to go back and try 'em one at a time. - You need a break, Ken? - If they don't get one, I don't get one. - Well, if it won't work, get me another one. My son's supposed to be on. - I know, Mrs. Lovell. - Hi, Blanch. - They can't fix a damn thing in this place. - Blanch. It's Marilyn. - Hi, Grandma! - I was gonna see Jimmy. - I know. I know. We came to tell you something. There's been an accident. Jimmy's okay. He's all right... But he's not gonna get to walk on the moon. - Well, they said he was. - I know. I know, uhm... That was before. Now there's been an explosion. And... they're all okay, they're all right. But now they're just going to... try to figure out a way to get them home. and it's a little bit dangerous. (to SUSAN) Oh, sweetie. BLANCH LOVELL (to SUSAN) - Are you scared? Well, don't you worry, honey. If they could get a washing machine to fly, my Jimmy could land it. ["BLUE MOON" performed by The Mavericks plays on tape recorder] - Jack. You'll be happy to hear that we contacted President Nixon, and he's gonna grant you an extension on your income taxes since you are most decidedly out of the country. - Roger that, Houston. That's wonderful news. - Tell them they have to sleep. Haise is running a fever of a 104. - Thirteen. Listen, we've had another request from Flight Surgeon that you fellas get some more sleep. He doesn't like his readings down here. - Let's see how he feels about this. I'm sick and tired of the entire Western world knowing how my kidneys are functioning. - Flight. I just lost Lovell! - Uh, Thirteen. This is Houston. Jim, we just had a drop out on your biomed sensors? - I'm not wearing my biomed sensors, Houston. - Okay, Jim. Copy that. - Flight. Now I'm losing all three of them! - It's just a little medical mutiny, Doc I'm sure the guys are still with us. Let's cut 'em some slack, okay? TITLE:DAY 6 - Gene, it's not the velocity, it's the angle. I mean maybe, they're still venting something and that's throwing off the trajectory, but we are definitely shallow again. We're up to a 5. 9. - Damn It - At this rate they nick the Earth's atmosphere and bounce off into space, we'll never get them back. - We need another burn to get them back in the entry corridor. - Definitely another burn. - Another burn. - Fire the engines and get them on course. - Houston, Aquarius. - Jim, we've got another course correction for you. - Something about another course correction. - We copy, Houston. Be advised it's gonna take Freddo and I awhile to power up the computer for the alignment platform if we have to fire the engine. - Negative on that, Jim. We can't spare power for the computer. - We gotta do this blind? - Houston, without the computer, what do we use for orientation? - Now, come on. We gotta be able to give these guys something up there. - Without power, we can't give them a read. - I'm not talking about power, I'm talking about reference. - No, no. There's no references. We have a bunch of debris up there. - Houston. What's the story with this burn? - We're trying to hash something out down here, Aquarius. Stand by. - Well. Now look, Houston. All we need to hold attitude is one fixed point in space. Is that not correct? - Yeah, roger that, Jim. - Well, Houston, we've got one! If we can keep the Earth in the window, fly manually, the co-ax crosshairs right on its terminator. All I have to know is how long do we need to burn the engine... (to CREW) The shorter, the better. - Roger that, Jim. - Can they fly it manually? And still shut it down on time without the computer? - I guess, that's the best we can do, Glynn. We're out of - In order to enter the atmosphere safely, the crew must aim for a corridor just two and a half degrees wide. If they're too steep, they will incinerate in the steadily thickening air, if they're too shallow, they'll ricochet off the atmosphere like a rock skipping off a pond. The re-entry corridor is in fact so narrow, that if this basketball were the earth, and this softball were the moon, and the two were placed fourteen feet apart, the crew would have to hit a target no thicker than this piece of paper. - Okay, people. On your toes. We're doing this one blind. - Gene, I want you to understand we've never tried this before, burn, cold soak, burn, cold soak, burn, manual control. - Look, it will ignite, will it not? - I just want you to know the engines never been tried like this. That's all I'm trying to tell you. - Look, I know what you're trying to do, I guarantee you I won't hold you personally responsible. If it lights, it lights. Let Lovell do the rest. - They're gonna burn the engines and steer it manually, attempting to keep the earth in the window... -Okay, this gonna take all three of us. Freddo, you handle the pitch. But on the translation controllers all backwards so if the... the Earth starts drifting down you need to thrust 'aft' not 'forward'. I'll do the same on mine with everything else. We're gonna burn at 10 percent thrust for thirty-nine seconds, Jack, you time us. - Got it. - Give us a count of the last ten seconds up to thirty-nine. Let's not miss this. JIM LOVELL (to HAISE) - You up to this, Freddo? - I'm with you. - Standing by for corridor control burn. - Okay, Jim. You can fire when ready. You are go for the manual burn. - Okay, X plus button at 10 seconds. Mark. - Come on, baby. One more burn. - 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4... - Ullage is go. -... 3, 2, 1. - Ignition. - She's burning! - Oh yeah. - Master arm off. - Okay, here we go! - Helium regulator on. - RCS is go, 10 percent thrust. - Bring her around, Freddo. - I'm trying, but it's draggin' - 10 seconds. - All right. Drop it down, Freddo. - We're drifting! No hold what you've got. I'll roll it. Back off. - I can't get it stable. - She's dancing all over the place! - Come to the right a little bit. - 15 seconds. - She's drifting, I'm losing attitude. - Okay. Hold it up there. Back No Freddo! Back! - Shit. I'm losing it! - 20 seconds. - Bring the earth up. - Forward, Fred, come on. Forward. - Shit, Shit. I lost it! - Where is it? Where is it?! - 7:00 helium regulator's closed. - Bring it down, Freddo. Just nose it down - Uh Okay, I... I got it! - 30 seconds. - Okay, she's coming in. - Little farther, ease your touch. Damn it! Damn it, that's mine. That's me around - A little more. Come on, baby. - Come on. That's it. Hold it. Damn it. - 5, 6, 7... - Back, back! That's it. Steady. - 8... - Steady. - 9. - Shut down!... Houston, we have shutdown. - That's close enough, Jim. Good work. - I knew it! I knew it! How 'bout that LM, huh? How 'bout it? - I guess you can keep your job. - You betcha. - Thirteen, stand by. We're evaluating our power usage on that burn. - Well let's hope we don't have to do that again. - Gentlemen. You've given our guys enough to survive till re-entry. Well done... Now we gotta get them in. Tell me about the power procedures. - Here's the order of what I want to do. I want to power up guidance, ECS, communications, warm up the pyros for the parachute and the command module thrusters. - The thrusters are gonna put you overbudget on amps, Ken. - Well, they've been sitting at 200 hundred below for four days, John, they gotta be heated. - Fine, then trade off the parachutes. Something. - Well, if the chutes don't open, what's the point? - Ken, you're telling me what you need, I'm telling you what we have to work with at this point. I'm not making this stuff up. - They're gonna need all these systems, John. - We do not have the power, Ken! We just don't have it. - Okay, I'm gonna go back and reorganize the sequencing again and find more power. Let's start from scratch. Clear the board. - I don't know where the hell we're gonna find it. - Apollo 13 Commander Jim Lovell has more time in space, almost 24 days already, than any other man. And I asked him recently, if he ever was scared. JIM LOVELL (on TV pre-flight) - Oh well, I've had an engine flame out a few times in an aircraft, and I was kind of curious as to whether it was gonna light up again, things of that nature, but uh, they seemed to work out... - Is there a specific instance in an airplane emergency when you can recall fear? - Oh, well, I'll tell you, I remember this one time. I'm... I'm in a (McDonnell F2H) Banshee at night in combat conditions, so there's no running lights on the carrier. It was the Shangri-La and we were in the Sea of Japan, and my... my radar had jammed, and my homing signal was gone because somebody in Japan was actually using the same frequency and so it was... was leading me away from where I was supposed to be. And I'm looking down at that big black ocean. So... I flip on my map light. And then suddenly zap everything shorts out right there in my cockpit, all my instruments are gone, my lights are gone, I can't even tell now what my altitude is. I know I'm running out of fuel, so I'm thinking about... about ditching in the ocean and I... I look down there and then... in... in the darkness there's this... there's this green trail, it's like a long carpet that just laid out right beneath me, and it was the algae, right. It was that phosphorescent stuff that gets turned up in the wake of a big ship and it was... it was... it was just leading me home. if my cockpit lights hadn't shorted out, there's no way I had ever been able to see that. So a... you a... you never know what... what events are gonna transpire to get you home. - Okay. Spacecraft Commander Jim Lovell, no stranger to emergency is he. - How's it going, Fred. - I'm okay. - What the hell was that? - Let's hope it was just the (helium) burst disk. - Houston, can you confirm a burst helium disk? - We confirm that, Jim. - Houston, is that gonna affect our entry angle at all? - Negative. Your entry angle is holding at 6. 24, Aquarius. - Houston, uh... we sure could use the re-entry procedure up here. When can we expect that? - Uh, that's coming real soon, Aquarius. - Houston... We... We just can't throw this together at the last minute. So, here's what you're gonna do. You're gonna get the procedure up to us whatever it is. And we're gonna go over it step by step so there's no foul-ups. I don't have to tell you we're all little tired up here. The world's getting awfully big in the window. - Jim, this is Deke. FRED HAISE (to SWIGERT) - It's Deke. - They don't know how to do it. - Maybe, Jack's right. - Hello there, Deke, what's the story? - Jim, we're gonna get that power procedure to you, we're gonna get it as soon as we possibly can. Ken Mattingly's in the simulator right now. - Ken's working on it. - Look. I know this sequence works, John. - The sequence looks good, we're just overbudget on the amperage. - By, how much? - 3 or 4 amps. - God, damn it, John. Is it 3 or 4? - 4. - 4! - 4 more amps... We know they have some power left in the LM batteries, right? - We have an umbilical that provides power from the command module to the LM. - Right. It's back-up for the LM power supply. - I'm listening. - So... Reverse it. Reverse the flow and see if we can draw these 4 amps from the LM batteries before we cut it loose. Why can't we do that? - We don't have the procedure for that, do we? - You're gonna lose a lot in the transfer, Ken. - Yeah, yeah. But all we're talking about here is 4 amps. - I want whatever you guys got on these power procedures. - Gene. They're already... - I don't want the whole damn bible. Just gimme a couple chapters. We gotta get something up to these guys. - They're working on it now. - I'll call over at the simulator and get an estimate... - God, damn it! I don't want another estimate! I want the procedures! Now! - IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) is up. How am I reading? - Fine so far. - Say again. - You're under the limit. Keep going. - Okay. Floodlights to fixed. I'm bringing up the guidance... Here we go... CMC (Command Module Computer) attitude IMU, CMC source, CMC mode auto, and we're on the computer. - Ken? - Go ahead. - Is your computer on now? - Up and running. How do we look? (no response) John... - I think we've got it, buddy. - Arthur, my notes are clear on that last sequence, right? ARTHUR (EECOM) - Yeah! GUARD - Your from building 5 right? - Excuse me, Gentlemen! - I was getting a little blurry there. - Here's Ken. Here's John. - Good to see you, Ken. - This is the sequence. - Was it try on the hardware yet? - We didn't have time. - Aquarius, Houston. Do you read? - Yeah, we read you, Ken. Are the flowers blooming in Houston? - Uh, that's a negative, Jim. I don't have the measles... Jim, is Jack in there with you? - Yeah, stand by one, we gotta get him on comm. WOMAN - Put those on the table. - Oh, damn it! Thanks Jackie. MARILYN LOVELL (to ARMSTRONG) - I think it would really help if you could just distract her when the heavy predictions come in. NEIL ARMSTRONG - Yeah, yeah. We'll give it a shot. - Thanks... Blanch. Blanch, these nice young men are gonna watch the television with you. This is Neil Armstrong and this is Buzz Aldrin. - Nice to meet you. BUZZ ALDRIN - Are you boys in the space program too? - Okay, Jack. Give me a read back on that last procedure. - Stand by, Ken... Ken, I'm a... Well, I'm having trouble reading my own writing. I guess, I'm a little more tired than I thought. - Don't worry, Jack. I'll talk to you through it. Okay, find the main bus breakers on panel 11. - Yeah, main bus breakers. Got it. - Close main bus B. - Uh, Ken, there's an awful lot of condensation on these panels What's the word on these things shorting out. - We'll just take that one at a time, Jack. - It's like trying to drive a toaster through a car wash. - Main bus B is closed. - Okay, Thirteen. We're coming up on entry interface. - Flight. We're still shallowing up a bit in the re-entry corridor. It's almost like they're under weight. - Now how could they be under weight? - We didn't land on the Moon. - Rocks? - That's affirm. - One more thing, Jim. While Jack's working on the power-up, we'd like you and Freddo to transfer some ballast over to the command module. - Say again, Houston. Ballast? - That's affirm... We gotta get the weight right. We were expecting you to be toting a couple of hundred pounds of moonrocks. - Right, Houston. departs from the actual mission: The real reason for transferring transferring ballast from the Lunar Module to the command module was to keep the command module properly balanced (correct center of gravity) after they jettisoned the Lunar Module and Service Module. ] - Now, Jack. - Yeah, go ahead, Ken. - Okay, now... Panel 5. Circuit breakers 'caution and warning', main B closed. - Main B closed... Master alarm off... - Okay, Jack. On panel 7, B mag (magazine) number 2, power to warm up. - B mag number 2. Power to warm up. Done. - Sequential logic1 and 2 on. - Sequential logic... 2 on. - CM RCS pressure on. - CM RCS pressurization. TITLE:DAY 7 - As her husband prepares to jettison his lunar module lifeboat, Marilyn Lovell waits with her children, her neighbors, and we are told, Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Only the Lovell's eldest son, Jay, is absent as he holds vigil with his classmates at the St. Johns military academy in Wisconsin. - ABC news science editor, Jules Bergman. - With a crippled command module and surviving by using the LM's systems, there can be no easy maneuver. And their LM lifeboat is doing things and working longer then it was ever intended to. It's a race against time until splashdown... - Okay, Jack. We're ready to see if the computer will accept uplink of the re-entry data now. - Okay. The IMU's up. We got our eight-balls back. - Okay, Ken... Uplink telemetry, command module to accept, right? - That's affirm. Go ahead and try it. - Come on. - Uplink completed. - Yeah. That's more like it! - Let's go. - Take a look at your amps. How we doing? - You got her back up, Ken. Boy, I wish you were here to see it. - I bet you do. - Way to go, Jack. - Flight, this is RETRO. - Go, RETRO. - Flight. We are looking at a typhoon warning at the edge of the prime recovery zone. - Say again, RETRO. - Flight. We are looking at a typhoon warning on the edge of the prime recovery area, now this is just a warning, Flight, it could miss them. - Only if their luck changes. - Jim, we're ready for SM jettison! - All right, Jack. On 3... 1, 2. Upward thrust! - We're loose! - Reverse thrust! - We have service module jettison. - Okay, Houston, our Service Module is free. We're gonna take a look at what we have here. - There it is. I see it. - Oh. Houston. We're getting our first look at the Service module now. One whole side of the spacecraft is missing. Right by the high gain antenna the whole panel is blown out. Right up... Right up to our heatshield. - Uh, copy that, Aquarius. - It looked like it got the engine bell, too. Can you see that? - Oh, man. That's incredible. - The heatshield. - The heat will build up to as much as three or four thousand degrees Fahrenheit. On a lunar re-entry flight the heat approaches four thousand degrees. - So Blanch. Blanch, did... did Jim make Eagle Scout or not? - Yes, he did. - He did? - If the heatshield is even slightly cracked, the extreme cold could split it wide open. Worst of all, if the pyrotechnics for controlling the parachutes have been damaged, the chutes may not open at all causing the spacecraft to hit the water not at a gentle 20 miles per hour but at a suicidal 300. - Perhaps never in human history has the entire world been united by such a global drama. In New York city, thousands of people have gathered to watch updates to the mission in Time Square. - Many countries offered help. And the State Department said it would ask for it, if it were needed. The House and Senate passed resolutions calling on the American people to pray tonight for the astronauts. - In Rome pope Paul led fifty thousand people in prayers for the safe return of the astronauts. In Jerusalem, prayers at the Wailing Wall... - It's about time to bail out of this ship, Freddo. Freddo? You okay? - I'm, uh, I'm freezing. - Can you old out just a little longer? - As long as I have to. - Aw, come on. - It won't be long. Just a little while longer, Freddo... - Just a little while longer. We're gonna hit that water in the South Pacific, open up that hatch. It's 80 degrees out there. - 80 degrees. - You are a mess. - Odyssey, Houston. How we doing, guys? We're closing in on lunar module jettison. As you know, that is time critical. We should be making our move into the command module. Let's get the hatch buttoned up. when you get a chance let us know how you're doing. - Here, let me give you a hand there, Freddo. - We're coming up on LM jettison. - Is everyone strapped in, Ken. We're getting real close. - Copy that, Flight. Thirteen, Houston. We're coming up on LM jettison. - Have you got everybody in the Odyssey? - Yeah, Ken. I wanna check those pyro batteries one more time... Okay, pyro batts look good. I don't think we have to tie the other batteries. - Sorry, Jack. This is an old habit. I'm kinda used to pilot's seat. She's yours to fly. - Okay. Odyssey. I wanna double check some re-entry procedures right after we jettison the LM which is coming up in thirty seconds. - What is that? - Oh... I was getting a little punchy and I... I didn't wanna cut the LM loose with you guys still in it. - That's good thinking. - Stand by, Houston... We have Lunar Module jettison. - She sure was a good ship. - Farewell, Aquarius. And we thank you. WOMEN - Mary... It's almost time, honey. RECOVER CREWMAN - Flight 966, 406... TITLE:USS IWO JIMA, SOUTH PACIFIC - APRIL 17, 1970 - Let me put it this way. The trajectory may be off, their thrusters may be frozen, their guidance system might be malfunctioning, their heatshield could be cracked, and their parachutes might be three blocks of ice. Clearly we have got some obstacles to overcome. - Yeah, Okay. But now I'm asking you. When will we know? - Blackout lasts for three minutes. If they're not back in four, we'll know. - Velocity now reading 34'802 feet per second, range to go 2'625 nautical miles. - Okay, Ken. We are aligned for re-entry. Jim, we're gonna need that computer re-entry program. Fred, how are the batteries looking? - Okay. Batt A looks good. - Re-entry interface in one minute and thirty seconds. - Batt B, no volts, amps are okay. Batt C, shit. No volts, only two amps. They may die before the main chutes open. - Roger. Let's tie all the batteries onto main A and main B. - Flight, they're still shallowing a bit up there. Do you want to tell 'em? GENE KRANTZ (FLIGHT DIRECTOR - WHITE)GHT DIRECTOR - WHITE) - Anything we can do about it? - Not now, Flight. - Then they don't need to know, do they? - RETRO says the typhoon is still a presence in the splash down area? - Whata we got? the parachute situation, the heatshield, the angle of trajectory and the typhoon, there's just so many variables. I'm a little at a loss... - I know what the problems are, Henry. This could be the worst disaster NASA's ever experienced. - With all due respect, sir. I believe this is gonna be our finest hour. NASA DIRECTOR (whispers) - Expect entry interface in 45 seconds. And on my mark your velocity will be 35'245 feet per second. Mark. 35 seconds to - Gentlemen. It's been a privilege flying with you. - Flight. We have loss of radio contact. - Expect to regain signal in three minutes. - It all depends on the heatshield. - Back to the Iwo Jima and our live cameras there. The Navy recovery and rescue helicopters already airborne, circling, waiting for first radar contact. REPORTER (on TV) - Coming up now on three minutes until time of drogue (chutes) deployment... Standing by for any reports of acquisition. - 1 minute and 30 seconds to end of blackout. - No re-entering ship has ever taken longer than 3 minutes to emerge from blackout. This is the critical moment. Will the heat shield hold? Will the command module survive the intense heat of re-entry. If it doesn't there will only be silence. - Mommy, you're squishing me. - Sorry, sorry, Jeffrey. - Okay, Flight. That's three minutes. We are standing by for - Odyssey, Houston. Do you read me? Odyssey, this is Houston, do you read? - Expected time of re-acquisition, the time when the astronauts were expected to come out of blackout, has come and gone. About all any of us can do now is just listen and hope. We're about to learn whether or not that heatshield which was damaged, if you remember, by the explosion three days ago has withstood the infernal of re-entry. - Odyssey, this is Houston. Do you read me? Odyssey, Houston. Do you read me? - Three minutes 30 seconds. Standing by. - Odyssey, Houston. Do you read me?... Odyssey, this is Houston, do you read me? - That's 4 minutes. Do you read? - Hello, Houston. It's good to see you again. - Odyssey, Houston. Welcome home. We're glad to see you. - They made it, they made it! - Lunney! - Houston. We're at stable one. The ship is secure. This is Apollo 13 signing off. - Good job! - Our mission was called a successful failure. In that we returned safely, but never made it to the Moon. In the following months, it was determined that a damaged coil built inside the oxygen tank sparked during our cryo stir and caused the explosion that crippled the Odyssey. It was a minor defect that occurred two years before I was even named the flight's commander. Fred Haise was going back to the Moon on Apollo 18, but his mission was canceled because of the budget cuts, he never flew in space again. Nor did Jack Swigert. Who left the astronaut corps and was elected to Congress from the state of Colorado, but he died of cancer before he was able to take office. Ken Mattingly orbited the Moon as Command Module Pilot of Apollo 16, and flew the space shuttle, having never gotten the measles. Gene Kranz retired as director of flight operations just not long ago. And many other members of Mission Control have gone onto other things, but some are still there. And as for me, the seven extraordinary days of Apollo 13 were my last in space. I watched other men walk on the Moon and return safely, all from the confines of Mission Control and our house in Houston. I sometimes catch myself looking up at the Moon, remembering the changes of fortune in our long voyage, thinking of the thousands of people who worked to bring the three of us home. I look up at the Moon, and wonder when will we be going back and who will that be. THE END.
Tom Hanks has once again proven he is the best actor in Hollywood. "Apollo 13" must be one of the greatest space films ever made.
Hanks is joined by Gary Sinise, Kevin Bacon, Ed Harris and Bill Paxton as the astronauts and flight crew for the doomed mission. The performances by each main character made "Apollo 13" one of the best films of the 1990s.
The performances from Tom Hanks and Kathleen Quinlan were among the best because they didn't have to act much to convince me that this was really happening to Jim and Marilyn Lovell. You can't mention these two without mentioning what a wonderful directing job Ron Howard did as he put together the greatestt compelation of talent in the best film of 1995.
"Apollo 13" is a great film because it serves more than one purpose. It taught me about the NASA program and the Apollo 13 mission. The other reason I liked this film was everything so real. From the chemistry between the cast to sets that doubled for space.
This film is well acted, directed and written; it deserves a second and third look from people who have seen it. I'm glad I got the opportunity to watch this film because it truly illustrates what can be accomplished if everyone comes together and use teamwork to accomplish their mission on and off the set.
Apollo 13 Watch streams. Written By William Broyles, Jr. (screenplay), Al Reinert (screenplay), Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger (book "Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13") Release Date 30 June 1995 (USA) Rating Budget $62, 000, 000 (estimated) Gross $334, 100, 000 (worldwide) Apollo 13 is a 1995 American docudrama film directed by Ron Howard. The film stars Tom Hanks, Kevin Bacon, Bill Paxton, Gary Sinise, Kathleen Quinlan and Ed Harris. The screenplay by William Broyles, Jr. and Al Reinert, that dramatizes the 1970 Apollo 13 lunar mission, is an adaptation of the book Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 by astronaut Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger. The film depicts astronauts Lovell, Jack Swigert and Fred Haise aboard Apollo 13 for America's third Moon landing mission. En route, an on-board explosion deprives their spacecraft of most of its oxygen supply and electric power, forcing NASA's flight controllers to abort the Moon landing, and turning the mission into a struggle to get the three men home safely. Howard went to great lengths to create a technically accurate movie, employing NASA's technical assistance in astronaut and flight controller training for his cast, and even obtaining permission to film scenes aboard a reduced gravity aircraft for realistic depiction of the "weightlessness" experienced by the astronauts in space. Released in the United States on June 30, 1995, Apollo 13 garnered critical acclaim and was nominated for many awards, with nine Academy Awards including Best Picture; it won for Best Film Editing and Best Sound. [1] In total, the film grossed over $355 million worldwide during its theatrical releases. Plot Edit On July 20, 1969, veteran astronaut Jim Lovell ( Tom Hanks) hosts a party for other astronauts and their families, who watch on television as their colleague Neil Armstrong takes his first steps on the Moon during the Apollo 11 mission. Lovell, who orbited the Moon on Apollo 8, tells his wife Marilyn ( Kathleen Quinlan) that he intends to return, to walk on its surface. On October 30, while giving a VIP tour of NASA's Vehicle Assembly Building, Lovell is informed by his boss Deke Slayton that he and his crew will fly the Apollo 13 mission instead of Apollo 14. Lovell, Ken Mattingly ( Gary Sinise), and Fred Haise ( Bill Paxton) begin training for their new mission. Days before launch, it is discovered that Mattingly was exposed to measles, and the flight surgeon demands his replacement with Mattingly's backup, Jack Swigert ( Kevin Bacon), as a safety precaution. Lovell resists breaking up his team, but relents after Slayton gives him the choice of either accepting the switch, or else being bumped to a later mission. As the launch date approaches, Marilyn's fears for her husband's safety manifest in nightmares, but she goes to Cape Kennedy the night before launch, to see him off despite her misgivings. On April 11, 1970, Apollo 13 Flight Director Gene Kranz ( Ed Harris) gives the go-ahead from Houston's Mission Control Center for launch. As the Saturn V rocket climbs into the sky, an engine on the second stage cuts off prematurely, but the craft successfully reaches Earth orbit. After the third stage fires, sending Apollo 13 on a trajectory to the Moon, Swigert docks the Command/Service Module Odyssey with the Lunar Module Aquarius, and pulls it away from the spent stage. Three days into the mission, the crew send a live television transmission from Odyssey, but the networks, believing the public now regards lunar missions as routine, decline to carry the broadcast live. Swigert is told to perform a standard housekeeping procedure of stirring the two liquid oxygen tanks in the Service Module. When he flips the switch, one tank explodes, emptying its contents into space and sending the craft tumbling. The other tank is soon found to be leaking, prompting Mission Control to abort the Moon landing, and forcing Lovell and Haise to hurriedly power up Aquarius as a "lifeboat" for the return home, while Swigert shuts down Odyssey before its battery power runs out. On Earth, Kranz rallies his team to do what is necessary to get the astronauts home safely, declaring "failure is not an option. " Controller John Aaron recruits Mattingly to help him figure out how to restart Odyssey for the final return to Earth. As Swigert and Haise watch the Moon passing beneath them, Lovell laments his lost chance of walking on its surface, then turns their attention to the task of getting home. With Aquarius running on minimum systems to conserve power, the crew is soon subjected to freezing conditions. Swigert suspects Mission Control is unable to get them home and is withholding this from them. In a fit of rage, Haise blames Swigert's inexperience for the accident; the ensuing argument is quickly squelched by Lovell. When the carbon dioxide exhaled by the astronauts reaches the Lunar Module's filter capacity and approaches dangerous levels, an engineering team quickly invents a way to make the Command Module's square filters work in the Lunar Module's round receptacles. With the guidance systems on Aquarius shut down, and despite Haise's fever and miserable living conditions, the crew succeeds in making a difficult but vital course correction by manually igniting the Lunar Module's engine. Mattingly and Aaron struggle to find a way to power up the Command Module with its limited available power, but finally succeed and transmit the procedures to Swigert, who successfully restarts Odyssey by transmitting extra power from Aquarius. When the Service Module is jettisoned, the crew finally see the extent of the damage and prepare for re-entry, unsure whether Odyssey' s heat shield is intact. If it is not, they will burn up. They release Aquarius and re-enter the Earth's atmosphere in Odyssey. After a tense, longer than normal period of radio silence due to ionization blackout, the astronauts report all is well and splash down in the Pacific Ocean. The three men are brought aboard the aircraft carrier USS Iwo Jima. As the astronauts are given a hero's welcome on deck, Lovell's narration describes the events that follow their return from space—including the investigation into the explosion, and the subsequent careers and lives of Haise, Swigert, Mattingly and Kranz—and ends wondering when mankind will return to the Moon. Videos Edit Cast Edit Top to bottom: Hanks, Bacon and Paxton, who portray astronauts Lovell, Swigert and Haise respectively. Tom Hanks as Apollo 13 Commander Jim Lovell. Jim Lovell stated that before the book was even written, the rights were being shopped to potential buyers [2] and that his first reaction was that actor Kevin Costner would be a good choice to play him. [4] However, by the time Howard acquired the director's position, Costner's name never came up in serious discussion, and Hanks had already been interested in doing a film based on Apollo 13. When Hanks' representative informed him that there was a script being passed around, he had the script sent to him. [2] John Travolta was initially offered the role of Lovell, but declined. [5] Gary Sinise as Apollo 13 prime Command Module Pilot (CMP) Ken Mattingly. Sinise was invited by Howard to read for any of the characters, and chose Mattingly. [2] Kevin Bacon as Apollo 13 backup CMP Jack Swigert. Bill Paxton as Apollo 13 Lunar Module Pilot Fred Haise. Ed Harris as White team Flight Director Gene Kranz. Harris described the film as "cramming for a final exam". Harris described Gene Kranz as "corny and like a dinosaur", but was respected by the crew. [2] Kathleen Quinlan as Lovell's wife Marilyn. Chris Ellis as Director of Flight Crew Operations Deke Slayton. Joe Spano as "NASA Director", a composite character based loosely on Chris Kraft. Marc McClure as Black team Flight Director Glynn Lunney. Clint Howard as White team EECOM (Electrical, Environmental and Consumables Manager) Sy Liebergot. Ray Mckinnon as White team FIDO (Flight Dyamics Officer). Loren Dean as EECOM John Aaron. Xander Berkeley as "Henry Hurt", a fictional NASA Office of Public Affairs staff member. [6] David Andrews as Apollo 12 Commander Pete Conrad Christian Clemenson as Flight surgeon Dr. Charles Berry Ben Marley as Apollo 13 backup Commander John Young Brett Cullen as CAPCOM Bill Pogue Tracy Reiner as Haise's then-wife Mary Mary Kate Schellhardt as Lovell's older daughter Barbara. Max Elliott Slade as Lovell's older son James (Jay), who attended military school at the time of the flight. Emily Ann Lloyd as Lovell's younger daughter Susan. Miko Hughes as Lovell's younger son Jeffrey. Thom Barry as an orderly at Blanch's retirement home. Chauntal Lewis as Roxanne Strybos (Susan's Friend) (uncredited) The real Jim Lovell appears as captain of the recovery ship USS Iwo Jima. Horror film director Roger Corman, a mentor of Howard, appears as a congressman being given a VIP tour by Lovell of the Saturn V Vehicle Assembly Building, as it had become something of a tradition for Corman to make a cameo appearance in his proteges' films. [7] The real Marilyn Lovell appeared among the spectators during the launch sequence. CBS News anchor Walter Cronkite appears in archive news footage and can be heard in newly recorded announcements, some of which he edited himself to sound more authentic. In addition to his brother, Clint Howard, several other members of Ron Howard's family appear in the movie: Rance Howard (his father) appears as the Lovell family minister. Jean Speegle Howard (his mother) appears as Lovell's mother Blanch. Cheryl Howard (his wife) and Bryce Dallas Howard (his daughter) appear as uncredited background performers in the scene where the astronauts wave goodbye to their families. Brad Pitt was offered a role in the film, but turned it down to star in Se7en. [9] Reportedly, the real Pete Conrad expressed interest in appearing in the film. Jeffrey Kluger appears as a television reporter. Production Edit Pre-production and props Edit While planning the film, director Ron Howard decided that every shot of the film would be original and that no mission footage would be used. [10] The spacecraft interiors were constructed by the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center's Space Works, who also restored the Apollo 13 Command Module. Two individual Lunar Modules and two Command Modules were constructed for filming. While each was a replica, composed of some of the original Apollo materials, they were built so that different sections were removable, which enabled filming to take place inside the capsules. Space Works also built modified Command and Lunar Modules for filming inside a Boeing KC-135 reduced gravity aircraft, and the pressure suits worn by the actors, which are exact reproductions of those worn by the Apollo astronauts, right down to the detail of being airtight. When the actors put the suits on with their helmets locked in place, air was pumped into the suits to cool them down and allow them to breathe, exactly as in launch preparations for the real Apollo missions. [11] The real Mission Control consist of two control rooms located on the second and third floors of Building 30 at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. NASA offered the use of the control room for filming but Howard declined, opting instead to make his own replica from scratch. [10] Production designer Michael Corenblith and set decorator Merideth Boswell were in charge of the construction of the Mission Control set at Universal Studios. The set was equipped with giant rear-screen projection capabilities and a complex set of computers with individual video feeds to all the flight controller stations. The actors playing the flight controllers were able to communicate with each other on a private audio loop. [11] The Mission Control room built for the film was on the ground floor. [10] One NASA employee who was a consultant for the film said that the set was so realistic that he would leave at the end of the day and look for the elevator before remembering he was not in Mission Control. By the time the film was made, the USS Iwo Jima had been scrapped, so her sister ship, the USS New Orleans, was used as the recovery ship instead. [10] "For actors, being able to actually shoot in zero gravity as opposed to being in incredibly painful and uncomfortable harnesses for special effects shots was all the difference between what would have been a horrible moviemaking experience as opposed to the completely glorious one that it actually was. " —Tom Hanks [11] Howard anticipated difficulty in portraying weightlessness in a realistic manner. He discussed this with Steven Spielberg, who suggested using a KC-135 airplane, which can be flown in such a way as to create about 23 seconds of weightlessness, a method NASA has always used to train its astronauts for space flight. Howard obtained NASA's permission and assistance in filming in the realistic conditions aboard multiple KC-135 flights. [12] Cast training and filming Edit To prepare for their roles in the film, Hanks, Paxton, and Bacon all attended the U. S. Space Camp in Huntsville, Alabama. While there, astronauts Jim Lovell and David Scott, commander of Apollo 15, did actual training exercises with the actors inside a simulated Command Module and Lunar Module. The actors were also taught about each of the 500 buttons, toggles, and switches used to operate the spacecraft. The actors then traveled to Johnson Space Center in Houston where they flew in NASA's KC-135 reduced gravity aircraft to simulate weightlessness in outer space. While in the KC-135, filming took place in bursts of 25 seconds, the length of each period of weightless that the plane could produce. The filmmakers eventually flew 612 parabolas which added up to a total of three hours and 54 minutes of weightlessness. Parts of the Command Module, Lunar Module and the tunnel that connected them were built by production designer Michael Corenblith, art directors David J. Bomba and Bruce Alan Miller and their crew to fit inside the KC-135. Filming in such an environment, while never done before for a film, was a tremendous time saver. In the KC-135, the actors moved wherever they wanted, surrounded by floating props; the camera and cameraman were weightless so filming could take place on any axis from which a shot could be set up. In Los Angeles, Ed Harris and all the actors portraying flight controllers enrolled in a Flight Controller School led by Gerry Griffin, an Apollo 13 flight director, and flight controller Jerry Bostick. The actors studied audiotapes from the mission, reviewed hundreds of pages of NASA transcripts and attended a crash course in physics. [10] [11] Astronaut Dave Scott was impressed with their efforts, stating that each actor was determined to make every scene technically correct, word for word. [2] Soundtrack Edit Apollo 13 (film) {{{artist}}} Professional ratings Review scores Source Allmusic [13] [14] SoundtrackNet [15] Tracksounds [16] The score to Apollo 13 was composed and conducted by James Horner. The soundtrack was released in 1995 by MCA Records and has seven tracks of score, eight period songs used in the film, and seven tracks of dialogue by the actors at a running time of nearly seventy-three minutes. The music also features solos by vocalist Annie Lennox and Tim Morrison on the trumpet. The score was a critical success and garnered Horner an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score. [17] Apollo 13: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack No. Title Length 1. "Main Title" 1:32 2. "One Small Step" 0:42 3. "Night Train" (performed by James Brown) 3:27 4. "Groovin'" (performed by The Young Rascals) 2:26 5. "Somebody to Love" (performed by Jefferson Airplane) 2:55 6. "I Can See for Miles" (performed by The Who) 4:09 7. "Purple Haze" (performed by Jimi Hendrix) 2:48 8. "Launch Control" 3:28 9. "All Systems Go/The Launch" 6:39 10. "Welcome to Apollo 13" 0:38 11. "Spirit in the Sky" (performed by Norman Greenbaum) 3:50 12. "House Cleaning/Houston, We Have a Problem" 1:34 13. "Master Alarm" 2:54 14. "What's Going On? " 0:34 15. "Into the L. E. M. " 3:43 16. "Out of Time/Shut Her Down" 2:20 17. "The Darkside of the Moon" (performed by Annie Lennox) 5:09 18. "Failure is Not an Option" 1:18 19. "Honky Tonkin'" (performed by Hank Williams) 2:42 20. "Blue Moon" (performed by The Mavericks) 21. "Waiting for Disaster/A Privilege" 0:43 22. "Re-Entry & Splashdown" 9:05 23. "End Titles" (performed by Annie Lennox) 5:34 Release Edit The film was released on 30 June 1995 in North America and on 22 September 1995 in the UK. In 2002 the film was re-released in IMAX. It was the first film to be digitally remastered using IMAX DMR technology. [18] Box-office performance Edit The film was a box-office success, gaining $355, 237, 933 worldwide. [19] The film's widest release was 2, 347 theaters. [19] The film's opening weekend and the latter two weeks placed it at #1 with a US gross of $25, 353, 380, which made up 14. 7% of the total US gross. [19] Apollo 13 box office revenue Source Gross ( USD)% Total All time rank (unadjusted) US $173, 837, 933 [19] 48. 9% 126 [19] Non-US $181, 400, 000 [19] 51. 1% N/A Worldwide $355, 237, 933 [19] 100. 0% 140 [19] Reception Edit Apollo 13 received very positive reviews from film critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film has an overall approval rating of 97% based on 51 reviews, with a weighted average score of 8/10. [20] At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized 0–100 rating to reviews from mainstream critics, calculated an average score of 77 based on 22 reviews. [21] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times praised the film in his review saying: "A powerful story, one of the year's best films, told with great clarity and remarkable technical detail, and acted without pumped-up histrionics. " [22] Richard Corliss from Time Magazine highly praised the film, saying: "From lift-off to splashdown, Apollo 13 gives one hell of a ride. " [23] Edward Guthmann of San Francisco Chronicle gave a mixed review and wrote: "I just wish that Apollo 13 worked better as a movie, and that Howard's threshold for corn, mush and twinkly sentiment weren't so darn wide. " [24] Peter Travers from Rolling Stone Magazine praised the film and wrote: "Howard lays off the manipulation to tell the true story of the near-fatal 1970 Apollo 13 mission in painstaking and lively detail. It's easily Howard's best film. " [25] Janet Maslin made the film an NYT Critics' Pick, calling it an “absolutely thrilling” film that “unfolds with perfect immediacy, drawing viewers into the nail-biting suspense of a spellbinding true story”. According to Maslin, “like "Quiz Show, " "Apollo 13" beautifully evokes recent history in ways that resonate strongly today. Cleverly nostalgic in its visual style (Rita Ryack's costumes are especially right), it harks back to movie making without phony heroics and to the strong spirit of community that enveloped the astronauts and their families. Amazingly, this film manages to seem refreshingly honest while still conforming to the three-act dramatic format of a standard Hollywood hit. It is far and away the best thing Mr. Howard has done (and " Far and Away " was one of the other kind). ” [26] Ron Howard stated that, after the first test preview of the film, one of the comment cards indicated "total disdain"; the audience member had written that it was a "typical Hollywood" ending and that the crew would never have survived. [27] Marilyn Lovell praised Quinlan's portrayal of her, stating she felt she could feel what Quinlan's character was going through, and remembered how she felt in her mind. [2] Home media Edit A 10th-anniversary DVD of the film was released in 2005; it included both the theatrical version and the IMAX version, along with several extras. [28] The IMAX version has a 1. 66:1 aspect ratio. [29] In 2006, Apollo 13 was released on HD DVD; on 13 April 2010, it was released on Blu-ray disc, on the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 13 accident (Central Standard Time). [28] Accolades Edit Year Award Category Recipient Result Ref. 1996 Academy Awards (1996) Best Film Editing Mike Hill and Daniel Hanley Won [1] Best Sound Rick Dior, Steve Pederson, Scott Millan, David MacMillan Best Actor in a Supporting Role Ed Harris (lost to Kevin Spacey in Usual Suspects) Nominated Best Actress in a Supporting Role Kathleen Quinlan (lost to Mira Sorvino in Mighty Aphrodite) Best Art Direction Michael Corenblith (art director), Merideth Boswell (set decorator) (lost to Restoration) Best Original Dramatic Score James Horner (lost to Il Postino) Best Picture Brian Grazer (lost to Braveheart) Best Visual Effects Robert Legato, Michael Kanfer, Leslie Ekker, Matt Sweeney (lost to Babe) Best Adapted Screenplay William Broyles Jr., Al Reinert (lost to Sense & Sensibility) American Cinema Editors (Eddies) Best Edited Feature Film Mike Hill, Daniel P. Hanley American Society of Cinematographers Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in Theatrical Releases Dean Cundey BAFTA Film Awards Best Production Design Michael Corenblith Outstanding Achievement in Special Visual Effects Robert Legato, Michael Kanfer, Matt Sweeney, Leslie Ekker Best Cinematography Best Editing Mike Hill, Daniel Hanley David MacMillan, Rick Dior, Scott Millan, Steve Pederson Casting Society of America (Artios) Best Casting for Feature Film, Drama Jane Jenkins, Janet Hirshenson Chicago Film Critics Association Awards Apollo 13 Directors Guild of America Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures Ron Howard, Carl Clifford, Aldric La'Auli Porter, Jane Paul Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Ed Harris as Gene Kranz Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Kathleen Quinlan as Marilyn Lovell Best Director – Motion Picture Ron Howard Best Motion Picture – Drama Heartland Film Festival Studio Crystal Heart Award Jeffrey Kluger Hugo Awards Best Dramatic Presentation MTV Movie Awards Best Male Performance Tom Hanks as Jim Lovell Best Movie PGA Golden Laurel Awards Motion Picture Producer of the Year Award Brian Grazer, Todd Hallowell Saturn Awards Best Action / Adventure / Thriller Film Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Outstanding Performance by a Cast Kevin Bacon, Tom Hanks, Ed Harris, Bill Paxton, Kathleen Quinlan and Gary Sinise Space Foundation's Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award Best Family Feature – Drama [30] Writers Guild of America Awards Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Medium William Broyles Jr., Al Reinert Young Artist Awards 2005 American Film Institute AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes "Houston, we have a problem. " (#50) [31] 2006 AFI's 100 Years... 100 Cheers Apollo 13 (#12) Technical and historical accuracy Edit The dialogue between ground control and the astronauts was taken verbatim from transcripts and recordings, with the exception of one of the taglines of the film, "Houston, we have a problem. " (This quote was voted #50 on the list " AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes ". ) According to the mission transcript, the actual words uttered by Jack Swigert were "I believe we've had a problem here. " (talking over Haise, who had started "Ok, Houston"). Ground control responded by saying "This is Houston, say again please. " Jim Lovell then repeated "Ah, Houston, we've had a problem. " [32] The tagline "Failure is not an option", stated in the film by Gene Kranz, also became very popular, but was not taken from the historical transcripts. The following story relates the origin of the phrase, from an email by Apollo 13 Flight Dynamics Officer Jerry Bostick: "As far as the expression 'Failure is not an option', you are correct that Kranz never used that term. In preparation for the movie, the script writers, Al Reinart and Bill Broyles, came down to Clear Lake to interview me on 'What are the people in Mission Control really like? ' One of their questions was 'Weren't there times when everybody, or at least a few people, just panicked? ' My answer was 'No, when bad things happened, we just calmly laid out all the options, and failure was not one of them. We never panicked, and we never gave up on finding a solution. ' I immediately sensed that Bill Broyles wanted to leave and assumed that he was bored with the interview. Only months later did I learn that when they got in their car to leave, he started screaming, 'That's it! That's the tag line for the whole movie, Failure is not an option. Now we just have to figure out who to have say it. ' Of course, they gave it to the Kranz character, and the rest is history. " [33] A DVD commentary track, recorded by Jim and Marilyn Lovell and included with both the original and 10th-anniversary editions, [28] mentions several inaccuracies included in the film, all done for reasons of artistic license: "We were working and watching the controls during that time. Because we came in shallow, it took us longer coming through the atmosphere where we had ionization. And the other thing was that we were just slow in answering. " —Jim Lovell, on the real reason for the delay in replying after Apollo 13's four-minute re-entry into Earth's atmosphere [34] In the film, Mattingly plays a key role in solving a power consumption problem that Apollo 13 was faced with as it approached re-entry. Lovell points out in his commentary that Mattingly was a composite of several astronauts and engineers—including Charles Duke (whose rubella led to Mattingly's grounding)—all of whom played a role in solving that problem. When Jack Swigert is getting ready to dock with the LM, a concerned NASA technician says: "If Swigert can't dock this thing, we don't have a mission. " Lovell and Haise also seem worried. In his DVD commentary, the real Jim Lovell says that if Swigert had been unable to dock with the LM, he or Haise could have done it. He also says that Swigert was a well-trained Command Module pilot and that no one was really worried about whether he was up to the job, [34] but he admitted that it made a nice sub-plot for the film. A scene set the night before the launch, showing the astronauts' family members saying their goodbyes while separated by a road, to reduce the possibility of any last-minute transmission of disease, depicted a tradition not begun until the Space Shuttle program. The film depicts Marilyn Lovell dropping her wedding ring down a shower drain. According to Jim Lovell, this did occur, [34] but the drain trap caught the ring and his wife was able to retrieve it. Lovell has also confirmed that the scene in which his wife had a nightmare about him being "sucked through an open door of a spacecraft into outer space" also occurred, though he believes the nightmare was prompted by her seeing a scene in Marooned, a 1969 film they saw three months before Apollo 13 blasted off. [34] See also Edit From the Earth to the Moon, a documentary mini-series based around the Apollo missions. Marooned, a 1969 film directed by John Sturges, about astronauts marooned in an Apollo Command/Service Module. References Edit Template:Include-NASA ↑ 1. 0 1. 1 Academy Awards, USA: 1996. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved on 8 April 2009. ↑ 2. 0 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 Lost Moon: The Triumph of Apollo 13. Retrieved on 1 January 2012. ↑ Lost Moon: The Triumph of Apollo 13. Retrieved on 1 January 2012. ↑ Film Casting that Might Have Been for John Travolta and Richard Gere. Retrieved on 1 January 2012. ↑ The character in the film is a composite of protocol officer Bob McMurrey, who relayed the request for permission to erect a TV tower to Marilyn Lovell, and an unnamed OPA staffer who made the request on the phone, to whom she personally denied it as Quinlan did to "Henry" in the film. "Henry" is also seen performing other OPA functions, such as conducting a press conference. Kluger, Jeffrey; Jim Lovell (July 1995). Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13, First Pocket Books printing, New York: Pocket Books, 118, 209–210, 387. ISBN 0-671-53464-5. ↑ Repertoire Of Horrors: The Films Of Roger Corman. Retrieved on 1 January 2012. ↑ Brad Pitt - A Quick Overview. Retrieved on 1 January 2012. ↑ 10. 0 10. 1 10. 2 10. 3 10. 4 Apollo 13: 2-Disc Anniversary Edition (Disc 1), Production Notes [DVD]. Universal Studios. ↑ 11. 0 11. 1 11. 2 11. 3 Production Notes (Press Release). IMAX. Retrieved on 9 April 2009. ↑ Ron Howard Weightless Again Over Apollo 13's DGA Win. Retrieved on 16 December 2011. ↑ Apollo 13 at AllMusic ↑ Filmtracks review ↑ review ↑ Tracksounds review ↑ Apollo 13 soundtrack review at Filmtracks. Retrieved 24 February 2011. ↑ History of IMAX. Retrieved on 11 February 2011. ↑ 19. 0 19. 1 19. 2 19. 3 19. 4 19. 5 19. 6 19. 7 Apollo 13 (1995). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 9 April 2009. ↑ Rotten Tomatoes – Apollo 13. Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Archived from the original on 20 August 2010. Retrieved on 24 August 2010. ↑ Apollo 13 Reviews. Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved on 25 September 2011. ↑ " Apollo 13: Roger Ebert ", Chicago Suntimes. Retrieved on 11 April 2009. ↑ " Apollo 13:Review ", Time Magazine, 3 July 1995. [ dead link] ↑ Guthmann, Edward. " Apollo 13 Review: Story heroic, but it just doesn't fly. ", San Francisco Chronicle. ↑ Apollo 13 Review:Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone Magazine. Retrieved on 11 April 2009. ↑ Maslin, Janet (30 June 1995). Apollo 13, a Movie for the Fourth of July. NYT Critics' Pick. The New York Times. Retrieved on 30 September 2011. ↑ Howard, Ron (8 December 2008). A conversation about the film "Frost/Nixon". Charlie Rose show. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved on 8 December 2008. ↑ 28. 0 28. 1 28. 2 Apollo 13 Blu Ray Release. Universal Studios. Retrieved on 29 September 2011. ↑ Apollo 13 (DVD - 2005). Lethbridge Public Library. Retrieved on 30 December 2011. ↑ Symposium Awards. National Space Symposium. Retrieved on 26 April 2009. [ dead link] ↑ 31. 0 31. 1 AFI's 100 years... 100 quotes. AFI. Archived from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved on 13 April 2009. ↑ Page 167 of Apollo 13's transcript on Spacelog. Retrieved on 10 June 2011. ↑ ORIGIN OF APOLLO 13 QUOTE: "FAILURE IS NOT AN OPTION. ".. Retrieved on 4 April 2010. ↑ 34. 0 34. 1 34. 2 34. 3 William, Lena (19 July 1995). In Space, No Room For Fear. Retrieved on 30 September 2011.
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Wow, he's so quirky, so naturally we have to like him. Waiting for Anya Summary & Study Guide includes comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. This study guide contains the following sections: This detailed literature summary also contains Topics for Discussion and a Free Quiz on Waiting for Anya by Michael Morpurgo. Waiting for Anya is a novel by children's author Michael Morpurgo. This novel is about a small village in France that is invaded by German forces during World War II. The so-called Black Widow of the village, Madame Horcada, lives alone outside the village on her small farm. Everyone ignores her and is afraid of her. However, Jo discovers that Madame Horcada, with the help of her son-in-law, is offering protection to Jewish children who are attempting to escape over the border into Spain. This novel is not only a story of the heroes and enemies of history, but is also an inspiring story of how one village came together to do the right thing. Jo falls asleep while watching the family sheep, allowing a starving mother bear to get too close to the sheep. Jo runs into town for help and the men who remain, those who could not fight in the war, rush into the mountains to kill the bear. When they return, the men are triumphant, but Jo worries over the safety of his dog, Rouf. Jo goes into the mountain to find his dog and is shocked to discover Rouf has found a bear cub abandoned by the hunted mother bear. Not only this, but there is a man, a stranger to Jo, who has come to rescue the bear. The man asks Jo to forget he ever saw him, but Jo cannot resist finding out who he is. Jo and Rouf follow the man to Madame Horcada's farm. Madame Horcada is a lone figure in this village of companions, an oddity that many of the children fear. Jo is aware of this fear as he peeks inside the kitchen window of her house, attempting to learn who the man is. Just before Jo falls and gives away his presence, Jo learns the man is Benjamin, Madame Horcada's son-in-law. Jo returns to Madame Horcada's farm more than a month later, curious to learn the fate of the abandoned bear cub. Jo sneaks into the barn when he hears a noise, but instead of finding a bear cub, he finds a little girl. Benjamin catches Jo there and takes him into the house, where Benjamin and Madame Horcada tell him that the girl in the barn, Leah, is a Jew who is the sole survivor of her family. Benjamin explains about the atrocity being acted out against Jews in Germany and how he and his daughter, Anya, thought they were safe in Paris. When the Germans invaded Paris, Benjamin and Anya attempted to escape and were separated on the road. Benjamin has come to Madame Horcada's to wait for his daughter. While he waits, Benjamin plans to help as many Jewish children as he can escape into Spain. Jo agrees to keep Madame Horcada and Benjamin's secret. However, when he returns to the village, Jo learns that a regiment of German soldiers plan to move into the village so that they can easily patrol the nearby border with Spain. Jo waits until the following day to tell Madame Horcada, but when he arrives he learns that Benjamin attempted to take Leah across the border the night before and has failed to return. Jo finds Benjamin and Leah in the shed behind his father's shepherds' cottage in the mountains. Benjamin broke his ankle while attempting to run from a German patrol. Jo helps Benjamin and Leah return to Madame Horcada's farm. Over the next few months, Benjamin slowly heals and more children arrive. By the end of winter, Madame Horcada is attempting to care for a dozen children. Jo takes a job delivering food to Madame Horcada. One day, Madame Horcada asks Jo to ask his grandfather to buy her pigs from her. When his grandfather visits Madame Horcada, the man learns about the children and insists on helping. Grandfather creates a haven for the children in a cave in the mountains, successfully hiding them from the Germans. Jo's father returns unexpectedly from the war, angry and sullen. One day Jo's grandfather tells him about the children on Madame Horcada's farm. Together they devise a plan to sneak the children to Spain in front of the Germans. They decide to drive all the sheep in the village into the mountains and to hide the children in plain sight, pretending they are members of the various village families. The plan works, but unfortunately, Benjamin and Leah are caught after sneaking the children into Spain that night. Leah and Benjamin are sent to a concentration camp where it is presumed they were killed. The war ends shortly thereafter. Grandfather marries Madame Horcada. Jo takes on more responsibility around the home, taking the sheep into the mountains alone the following spring. One day, his family comes up to have a picnic. Jo learns that Anya has finally found her way home.
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The new mutants full movie. PROJECT DETAILS: Originally had an April 13th 2018 then a February 22nd and a August 2nd 2019 theatrical release. Apparently the last report about reshoots never actually occured and the studio may have finally reached some kind of agreement with director Josh Boone, who has been promoting the movie on social media recently, where he indicated that this would be his original version with no major edits or changes. (1/2/20) One of the film's producers recently confirmed that the movie will be undergoing reshoots this year, which is why the release date was pushed once again. Here's what he had to say: Whats happening is were gonna do reshoots this year on that film and it has a new release date from Disney. Thats really it. Part of it was figuring out what the reshoots were gonna be, the pick-ups, and the other part of it was getting that cast back together. We're always scrambling to get these actors back together so theyre all in the same place at the same time. So that will be some time this year; well do our pick-ups and the movie will come out. 6/5/19) While the film supposedly still has an August release, the way it will be released remains to be seen, especially with the recent Fox-Disney merger. The movie was supposed to undergo reshoots, which reportedly never happened and now rumors are swirling around that the film will simply be dumped on Disney's new streaming service in it's current form. (3/18/19) In a recent interview actress Anya Taylor-Joy confirmed that the film's delayed release is due to reshoots, rewrites, and apparently a new character being added. Here's what she had to say: I do think that there is a great responsibility to make sure the movie is done right and that we deliver the fans something that they can all feel happy about and excited about. So, I dont think it being delayed is a bad thing because its definitely more important to make sure that we get it right than rushing to make a date. So, hopefully, all of these reshoots and adding of the new character that will give the fans an altogether satisfactory, wonderful product. 3/12/18) According to director Josh Boone they're aiming for a PG-13 rating, saying: This movie is probably the hardest PG-13 ever made. I mean, weve pushed it. The horror is pretty dark, but theres also an emotional core, too. If I can scare you and make you cry: thats the goal. He also adds that the mutants in the film won't be wearing costumes: There are no costumes. That alone makes it different. They cant be with the other kids at the X-Mansion. Theyre too f—ed up. Theyve all killed people, whether intentionally or unintentionally. 1/24/18) Apparently the movie's release has been pushed back 10 months so the filmmakers can reshoot several new scenes to make the movie "scarier. " Word is that a recent test screening "went well, but not great" so the producers are looking to focus even more on the horror aspect in hopes of capitalizing on recent successful R-rated horrors like Get Out and It. (1/14/18) Maisie Williams ( Game of Thrones) plays Rahne Sinclair AKA Wolfsbane. Anya Taylor-Joy ( The Witch, Split) plays Illyana Rasputin AKA Magik. Charlie Heaton ( Stranger Things) plays Sam Guthrie AKA Cannonball. Henry Zaga ( Teen Wolf) plays Sunspot AKA Roberto da Costa. Blu Hunt ( The Originals) plays Danielle Moonstar AKA Mirage. It's said that James McAvoy will reprise his role as Professor X. Co-written/directed by Josh Boone ( The Fault in Our Stars. Described as "a haunted-house movie with a bunch of hormonal teenagers. This is said to be a "Stephen King meets John Hughes' style horror movie. Based on the Marvel comic book series with the same name. VIDEOS: GALLERY.
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Thank you and God's continued blessings and graces in your studies! Peace, Maria and Angelina and family.
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